Strategies and Methods for Complex Alkaloid Synthesis

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究计划的目标是开发强大的策略和反应，以高效和实用的方式将简单的市售化合物转化为结构复杂的含氮分子。通过合成具有高水平结构和/或立体化学复杂性的生物活性生物碱，我们的最终目标是通过开发创新策略和有效的键形成反应来扩展化学合成的能力。研究计划的方法部分分为五个部分。第一部分描述了我们设计合成acutumine的演变，acutumine是一种独特的含氯植物生物碱，可增强大鼠的记忆力，并以中等效力抑制人类T细胞增殖。五步合成法的发展将为该生物碱及相关含氮化合物的最终全合成提供基础。第二部分介绍了我们的努力，发展了一种简洁的合成萜吲哚E具有新颖的阳离子-烯烃级联环化过程。Terpendole E是一种吲哚类二萜化合物，是目前已知的唯一一种抑制人有丝分裂驱动蛋白Eg 5运动活性的天然产物，是一种潜在的抗癌药物。第3部分和第4部分描述了我们在合成稀有的、结构上显著的海洋生物碱chartelline A和chartellamide A的背景下开发非传统的光化学环化的计划。最后一部分介绍了我们正在进行的努力，开发金属催化的，顺式选择性氯胺化的烯烃用于在一个有效的免疫抑制和细胞毒性生物碱帕劳'胺的全合成。本申请中描述的结构新颖、具有生物活性的生物碱是化学研究的有吸引力的目标，因为它们的合成还不存在成功的策略。这些分子提供了丰富的机会，发明强大的战略和广泛有用的方法，复杂的化学合成。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objective of this research program is to develop powerful strategies and reactions to transform simple, commercially available compounds into structurally complex, nitrogen-containing molecules with high efficiency and in a practical fashion. By undertaking syntheses of biologically active alkaloids having a high level of architectural and/or stereochemical complexity, our ultimate goal is to extend the capabilities of chemical synthesis through the development of innovative strategies and efficient bond-forming reactions. The methods section of the research plan is divided into 5 parts. The first part describes the evolution of our design for synthesizing acutumine, a unique, chlorine-containing plant alkaloid that enhances memory in rats and inhibits human T-cell proliferation with moderate potency. The development of a 5-step synthesis of the complex molecular framework of acutumine will provide the foundation for an eventual total synthesis of this alkaloid and related nitrogen-containing compounds. The second part describes our effort to develop a concise synthesis of terpendole E featuring a novel cation-olefin cascade cyclization process. Terpendole E, a complex indole diterpene, is the only known natural product inhibitor of the motor activity of the human mitotic kinesin Eg5 and is a potential anti-cancer agent. Parts 3 and 4 describe our plans for developing unconventional photochemical cyclizations in the context of syntheses of the scarce, architecturally remarkable marine alkaloids chartelline A and chartellamide A. The final part describes our ongoing effort to develop metal-catalyzed, cis-selective chloroaminations of alkenes for use in a total synthesis of the potent immunosuppressive and cytotoxic alkaloid palau'amine. The structurally novel, biologically active alkaloids described in this grant application are attractive objectives for chemical research because successful strategies for their synthesis do not yet exist. These molecules provide rich opportunities to invent powerful strategies and broadly useful methods for complex chemical synthesis.