MRS Measurements of GABA in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

性状（由申请人提供）：作为哺乳动物脑中的主要抑制性神经递质，GABA、其内容物及其受体系统是许多抗癫痫药物的靶点。虽然Petroff及其同事研究了各种抗癫痫药物对枕叶（一个远离致痫区域的部位）脑GABA水平的影响，但迄今为止，关于颞叶癫痫患者致痫区域GABA水平的信息很少。这些数据在很大程度上表明，与健康对照组相比，控制不良的患者大脑GABA水平降低，并且对各种抗癫痫药物有反应。相反，最近的初步微透析研究表明，与没有硬化症的患者相比，硬化症患者的ECF GABA更高（6）。此外，我们的初步数据显示，ECF GABA与海马NAA水平呈负相关（即较高的ECF GABA水平见于NAA水平较低的患者中）。致痫区域中的总GABA相对于对照增加或减少的程度尚不清楚。同样，尚不清楚致痫性中的总GABA水平是否与远离癫痫灶的GABA水平平行。显然，这些问题可能会有显着的影响，我们的理解的因素，导致癫痫发作的活动重点，也提供了措施，可能有助于癫痫患者的治疗管理。因此，开发用于测量颞叶癫痫患者颞叶GABA的稳健方法将具有显著益处。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): As the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in mammalian brain, GABA, its content and its receptor systems are the targets of a number of anti-epileptic drugs. Although Petroff and colleagues have studied the effects of various anti-epileptics on brain GABA levels in the occipital lobe, a site distant from the epileptogenic region, to date little information exists regarding GABA levels in the epileptogenic region of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. This data has largely shown that brain GABA levels are decreased in patients with poor control in comparison to healthy controls and are responsive to a variety of anti-epileptic medications. Conversely, recent preliminary microdialysis studies have shown that ECF GABA is higher in patients with sclerosis as opposed to those without sclerosis (6). Additionally our preliminary data has shown a similar correlation with ECF GABA inversely correlated with hippocampal NAA levels (i.e higher ECF GABA levels are seen in patients with lower NAA levels. To what extent total GABA in the epileptogenic region is increased or decreased relative to control is unknown. Similarly it is unknown if total GABA levels in the epileptogenic parallel GABA levels distant from the seizure focus. Clearly these questions may have significant impact on our understanding of the factors leading to epileptogenic activity in the seizure focus and also provide measures that may aid in the therapeutic management of epilepsy patients. Therefore the development of robust methods for measuring GABA from the temporal lobe in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy would be of significant benefit.