Exploring genomic history and adaptive selection in a post-medieval population from Spitalfields, London, using ancient DNA.

该项目将调查来自伦敦斯皮塔菲尔德的后中世纪人群（18 -19世纪）的基因组历史和适应性选择。这些人经历了一个环境意义重大的时期，在小冰河期和工业革命期间，这与传染性病原体的高流行率和低于平均年气温有关。通过提取和分析生活在这一时期的一些个体的DNA，该项目将检查是否可以在这些个体的基因组中观察到与病原体压力或气候变化相关的选择特征。由于其中一些人的身份和家庭关系已知，我们还将调查保护性等位基因（如与免疫力相关的等位基因）是否优先遗传。已知家庭关系的存在将用于测试现有aDNA亲属关系方法的准确性，并有助于开发新的统计方法。其中一些人还有已知的死亡原因，这将用于调查致病病原体的存在。我们将调查这些个体的祖先起源，以检查在此期间迁移到伦敦的程度，以及对群体遗传学的潜在影响。

This project will investigate the genomic history and adaptive selection in a post-medieval population (18th-19th centuries) from Spitalfields, London. These individuals lived through an environmentally significant period, during the Little Ice Age and the Industrial Revolution, which is correlated with a higher prevalence of infectious pathogens and colder-than-average yearly temperatures. By extracting and analysing the DNA from some of the individuals who lived during this period, this project will examine whether signatures of selection associated with pathogen pressure or climatic variability can be observed in the genomes of these individuals. As some of the individuals have known identities and family relationships, we will also investigate whether protective alleles, such as those associated with immunity, are preferentially inherited. The presence of known family relationships will be used to test the accuracy of existing aDNA kinship methodology and aid in the development of new statistical methods. Some of the individuals also have a known cause of death which will be used to investigate the presence of the causative pathogens. We will investigate the ancestral origin of these individuals, to examine the extent of migration into London during this period, and the potential impact on population genetics.