Experimental neuroanatomy of systems related to emotion

本计画主要是以猕猴为研究对象，探讨扣带皮质的皮质与皮质下的连接性。与该计划的其他组成部分密切相关，新的努力代表了我们对颞叶和与记忆有关的问题的关注的转变。我们已经为这种转变做好了准备，研究将颞叶结构与前扣带皮层联系起来，并定义了海马旁后回和脾周皮层之间的界面。在即将到来的资助期内，我们计划开展一些研究，旨在比目前更详细地阐明扣带皮层的连通性，其主要功能是处理情绪和感觉。这些调查将测试的假设，扣带皮层的不同分区有不同的模式与皮层下的皮质结构的连接。事实上，有经典的证据表明，灵长类扣带皮层由与其他大脑区域不同的细胞结构细分组成。这一差距严重限制了认知和情绪研究中假设的提出以及对现有实验结果的解释。我们的目标是弥合这一差距，通过评估的传出和传入连接的每个扣带回分区在猴子使用多次注射的顺行和逆行示踪剂。特别注意将支付给皮质下的连接，因为他们已经稀疏研究灵长类动物。此外，我们的数据将详细揭示intracingualte连接的性质。我们提出的研究结果将为理解神经系统疾病的神经解剖学相关性提供基础，这些神经系统疾病改变了作为突出临床表现的情绪状态，并将有助于更新和扩展有关人类复杂认知和行为的大脑系统的理论公式，特别是情绪处理和决策。我们的新方向与该计划中涉及情感、决策和发展的其他项目（项目1、4和5）直接相关。

This project outlines an experimental neuroanatomical investigation on the monkey designed to assess the cortical and subcortical connectivity of the cingulate cortex. In close articulation with other components of the Program, the new effort represents a shift from our focus on the temporal lobe and issues pertaining to memory. We have set the stage for this shift with studies linking temporal structures to anterior cingulate cortices, and defining the interface between the posterior parahippocampal gyrus and the perisplenial cortices. In the forthcoming funding period we plan to carry out a number of studies aimed at elucidating, in greater detail than what is currently available, the connectivity of the cingulate cortex, a major function of which is the processing of emotion and feeling. These investigations will test the hypothesis that varied subdivisions of the cingulate cortex have distinct patterns of connectivity with subcortical an cortical structures. In fact, there is classic evidence that the primate cingulate cortex consists of cytoarchitectonically distinct subdivisions with other brain regions. This gap seriously limits the formulation of hypothesis in the study of cognition and emotion and the interpretation of current experimental results. Our aim is to bridge this gap by assessing the efferent and afferent connections of each cingulate subdivisions in the monkey using multiple injections of anterograde and retrograde tracers. Particular attention will be paid to subcortical connections since they have been sparsely studied in primates. Additionally, our data will reveal in detail the nature of intracingualte connectivity. The results of our proposed studies will provide a basis for understanding the neuroanatomical correlates of neurological conditions that have altered emotional states as salient clinical manifestations, and will aid in updating and extending theoretical formulations concerning the brain systems underlying complex cognition and behavior in humans, especially emotional processing and decision making. Our new direction is of direct relevance to other projects in the Program which deal with emotion, decision making and development (projects 1, 4 and 5).