Vocalization and Speech Breathing in Infants

描述(申请人提供)：婴儿发声研究主要集中在婴儿如何利用喉咙和发音的改变来产生语音，但很少提到呼吸系统是如何产生语音的。与此同时，婴儿呼吸研究并未将呼吸模式与不同的发声行为或描述它们的声学参数联系起来。本申请是一项旨在弥合这一差距的学位论文研究。这项研究的第一个具体目标是测量婴儿在生命第一年的发声和呼吸运动。它的第二个具体目标是测量熟悉和不熟悉的交流伙伴对婴儿喉咙和呼吸行为的改变程度。将在面对面对话和互动游戏中对婴儿进行研究。这项研究将应用新的仪器和分析技术，以帮助抵消噪声和干扰的负面影响，这些负面影响限制了婴儿研究中的信号获取。这项研究的目的是开发一个解释模型，解释正常发育的婴儿在沟通互动中的行为和反应，这反过来可能导致与识别和诊断有沟通障碍风险的婴儿有关的见解。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Infant phonation research has focused on how infants use laryngeal and articulatory modification to produce speech, but made little reference to how the respiratory system underlies speech production. At the same time, infant respiration research has not linked breathing patterns to distinct phonatory behaviors or to the acoustic parameters that describe them. This application is a dissertation study that proposes to bridge this gap. The study's first specific aim is to measure infants' vocalizations and respiratory movements during the first year of life. Its second specific aim is to measure the degree to which the infants' laryngeal and respiratory behaviors are altered by both familiar and unfamiliar communicative partners. Infants will be studied during face-to-face dialogue and interactive play. This study will apply new instrumentation and analysis techniques to help offset the negative effects of noise and interference that have constrained signal acquisition in infant research. The goal of the study is to develop an explanatory model of the actions and reactions of normally developing infants engaged in communicative interaction, which in turn may lead to insights related to the identification and diagnosis of infants at risk for communicative impairments.