Quantum simulation with ultracold atoms in dynamically varying light potentials

超冷原子为研究多体量子系统提供了独特的可能性。我们的量子气体显微镜提供了对原子的单位点和单原子分辨检测，并为研究光学晶格中的强量子系统开辟了道路，对它们的局部性质有了前所未有的了解，并对捕获势进行了局部控制。特别是，我们使用数字镜像装置在小型可控量子系统中产生动态可变的光势，并将其投射到光学晶格中的原子上。这使我们能够在单个晶格点的尺度上创造潜在的障碍，从而使我们能够访问具有完全可控原子序数的量子系统。动态变化的光势使我们能够改变势垒的位置和原子可用的晶格位的数目。我们也在研究使用这些定制的光势来创建具有边缘状态和平面带的新颖晶格几何形状。我们还将研究这些边缘态的时间演化和多体量子动力学，首先使用单个原子种，然后使用具有可调谐散射长度的Rb85原子在可调谐相互作用和双组分自旋系统中存在。

Ultracold atoms offer unique possibilies as quantum simulators for the study of many-body quantum systems. Our quantum-gas microscope offers single-site and single-atom resolved detection of atoms and opens the path to the study of strongly quantum systems in optical lattices with unprecedented insight into their local properties and with local control of the trapping potential. In particular, we use a digital-mirror device to produce dynamically changeable light potentials in small controllable quantum systems, which are projected onto the atoms in the optical lattice. This allows us create potential barriers on the scale of a single lattice site, which gives access to quantum systems with an exactly controllable atom number. A dynamically varying light potential allows us to change the position of the potential barriers and number of lattice sites available for the atoms. We are also investigating to use these tailor-made light potentials to create novel lattice geometries that feature edge states and flat bands. We will also study the time evolution and many-body quantum dynamics of these edge states, first with a single atomic species, and later with in the presence of tuneable interactions and two-component spin systems using Rb85 atoms with a tuneable scattering length.