Core Center

描述(由申请人提供)：核心中心的总体目标是：汇集13名研究听力和沟通障碍不同方面的研究人员，提高他们个人努力和持续合作的效率和生产力，整合研究动物基本听力机制的研究人员和研究人类听力障碍的研究人员，并为新发展的合作提供机会以实现成果。参与这一应用的研究人员代表了听觉科学的非凡范围，从昆虫听觉的解剖学和生理学，到人类复杂声音感知的心理声学。现有的项目包括蝙蝠和鸟类的声音定位，昆虫和蝙蝠的捕食者和捕食者的相互作用，鱼类和鸟类的毛细胞再生，毛细胞再生后鸟类的听力和发声的恢复，蝙蝠、鸟类、正常人、听力受损和老年人的时间分辨的精确度，以及动物从昆虫到鸟类的听觉时间分辨的个体发育。有几个项目侧重于听力正常或听力受损的人的时间处理的心理、物理或生理方面。该研究基地共有14个研究项目，涉及听觉研究的不同方面：6个NIDCD R01、1个NIA和1个NIMH R01、1个ONR MURI补助金、1个NSF补助金和4个NIDCD R03。几个项目的重点是表现出不同寻常的敏感性和新颖的听觉机制和适应能力的听觉“专家”有机体。所有研究人员都试图通过发现、建模或收集数据来测试解剖学和生理学机制，以解释复杂的听觉行为。虽然这些项目中的每一个都是独立的，但调查人员之间存在多个相互联系、重叠和合作的领域。在这些项目的交界处，存在着推进听觉科学的重大机会。提供实现这些机会的资源是这项P30申请的目的。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goals of the Core Center are to: bring together 13 investigators working on different aspects of hearing and communication disorders, increase the efficiency and productivity of their individual efforts and ongoing collaborations, integrate investigators studying basic hearing mechanisms in animals with investigators studying human hearing impairment, and provide opportunities for newly developing collaborations to reach fruition. The investigators participating in this application represent an extraordinary range of hearing science from anatomy and physiology of hearing in insects to the psychoacoustics of complex sound perception in humans. Existing projects include sound localization in bats and birds, prey-predator interactions in insects and bats, hair cell regeneration in fish and birds, recovery of hearing and vocalizations in birds following hair cell regeneration, the precision of time resolution in bats, birds, normal, hearing-impaired, and aged humans, and the ontogeny of auditory time resolution in animals from insects to birds. Several projects focus on psychophysical or physiological aspects of temporal processing in either normal-hearing or hearing-impaired humans. The research base consists of a total of 14 research projects on different aspects of auditory research: six NIDCD R01s, one NIA and one NIMH R01, one ONR MURI grant, one NSF grant, and four NIDCD R03s. Several projects are focused on auditory "specialists" organisms showing unusual sensitivities and novel auditory mechanisms and adaptations. All investigators are attempting to explain complex auditory behavior by discovering, modeling, or gathering data to test anatomical and physiological mechanisms. While each of these projects is independent, there are multiple areas of interface, overlap, and collaboration among investigators. Significant opportunities to advance auditory science exist at the interfaces of these projects. Providing the resources to realize these opportunities is the purpose of this P30 application.