Career Development:Mechanisms of Deep Brain Stimulation

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目将使Dorval博士成为运动障碍和深部脑刺激（DBS）的未来研究员。该奖项将为Dorval博士提供受保护的时间，以参加神经工程课程，参加临床轮转并学习成为独立研究人员所需的实验技术。作为该提案的一部分，Dorval博士组建了一个由研究人员和临床医生组成的职业发展委员会，以指导他的进展。该奖项将资助Dorval博士进行动物，临床和计算研究，以量化DBS的信号处理效果，并为他提供时间发表他的结果并准备未来的资助，以建立自己的实验室。多瓦尔博士将量化受运动障碍（如帕金森病（PD）或特发性震颤（ET））影响的大脑区域的信息处理。DBS减轻了一些人的症状，但对另一些人可能无效或引起衰弱的副作用。了解DBS如何改变大脑运动区域的信号处理，将加快DBS模式的设计，从而更好地缓解症状。这项工作将利用信息论的工具来分析疾病发病前后受影响区域之间的关系，以及临床使用和最近假设的DBS模式。在这个项目中，Dorval博士将记录大鼠pd模型运动区域的多电极阵列（MEAs）；收集PD和ET患者的临床数据；并制作计算机模型，结合并解释生物学结果。Nicolelis博士以在老鼠身上进行MEA研究而闻名于世。特纳医生是脑起搏器手术和技术的公认领导者。最重要的是，资助导师格里尔博士是脑起搏器效果计算机模型的先驱，也是一位经验丰富的实验家，拥有成功的临床合作历史。在杜克大学工作，与这些顾问和其他资助人一起，Dorval博士处于独特的位置，既发展了他作为DBS研究人员的技能，又在理解DBS减轻运动障碍症状的机制方面取得了重大进展。该项目将揭示帕金森病等运动障碍和深部脑刺激（DBS）治疗如何改变大脑信息处理。如果成功，该项目将改善对现有患者的治疗，并增加对DBS有效的个体数量。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project will develop Dr. Dorval as a future researcher in motor-disorders and deep brain stimulation (DBS). This Award will provide Dr. Dorval with protected time to take neural engineering courses, participate in clinical rotations and learn the experimental techniques required to establish himself as an independent researcher. As part of this proposal, Dr. Dorval has assembled a career development committee made of researchers and clinicians to guide his progress. The Award will fund Dr. Dorval to perform animal, clinical and computational research that will quantify the signal processing effects of DBS, and provide time for him to publish his results and prepare future grants with which to establish his own laboratory. Dr. Dorval will quantify the information processing in brain regions affected by motor-disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD) or essential tremor (ET). DBS alleviates symptoms in some individuals, but can be ineffective or induce debilitating side effects in others. Knowledge of how DBS modifies signal processing in motor regions of the brain will hasten the design of DBS patterns better able to relieve symptoms. This work will utilize the tools of information theory to analyze the relationships between affected regions before and after disease onset, and in presence of clinically-used and recently-hypothesized patterns of DBS. In this project, Dr. Dorval will record from multi-electrode arrays (MEAs) in motor-regions of a PD-model in the rat; gather clinical data from PD and ET patients; and craft computer models that combine and explain the biological results. Dr. Nicolelis is world-known for his MEA work in rats. Dr. Turner is an established leader in DBS surgery and techniques. Most significantly, the grant mentor Dr. Grill is a pioneer in computer models of DBS effects and an experienced experimentalist with a history of successful clinical collaborations. Working at Duke University, with these advisers and the other grant contributors, Dr. Dorval is uniquely positioned to both develop his skills as a DBS researcher and make significant progress in understanding the mechanisms of motor-disorder symptom alleviation by DBS. This project will reveal how brain information processing is modified by motor-disorders such as Parkinson's disease and by the treatment of deep brain stimulation (DBS). If successful, this project will improve treatment for existing patients and increase the number of individuals for whom DBS is effective.