Proactive management of dissolved organic carbon in catchments to mitigate climate change impacts on trihalomethanes formation in water treatment

气候条件的变化影响了地表水中溶解有机碳(DOC)的含量。DOC是饮用水处理中形成有害消毒副产物(DBPs)的前体，其中包括三卤甲烷(THMs)。气候变化对THM形成影响的情景表明，除非采取适当的治疗措施，否则到2050年不列颠群岛的THM形成将增加39%。该博士项目由纽卡斯尔大学领导，与诺森比亚水务公司合作，将研究流域中DOC的主动管理，以减少水库和污水处理厂的负荷。流域中DOC的主动管理解决了THM挑战的根本原因，并降低了水处理的成本、化学和能源需求以及环境影响。该项目将在一个案例研究流域中审查和评估基于自然的缓解DOC上升的措施，以开发和验证流域范围的DOC监测、建模和管理工具。实地工作将涉及创新的监测工具，以研究DOC的负荷和特征，并实时监测水质，包括。荧光溶解有机物(FDOM)。这将建立在国家绿色基础设施和纽卡斯尔大学城市天文台的实时水质传感系统的经验基础上。实地工作将为流域和水库中DOC管理模式的制定提供信息，以便为抽象管理和与土地所有者的接触提供信息。因此，该项目试图展示一种智能水基础设施解决方案，该解决方案将传感和建模与基于自然的方法相结合，以应对气候变化和水安全。

Climatic conditions are changing, which affects dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in surface water. DOC is a precursor for the formation of unwanted disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water treatment, which includes trihalomethanes (THMs). Scenarios for climate change impacts on THM formation suggest a 39% increase by 2050 for the British Isles unless treatment is adapted. This PhD project, led by Newcastle University, is in collaboration with Northumbrian Water, and will research proactive management of DOC in catchments to reduce loads into reservoirs and treatment works. Proactive management of DOC in catchments addresses the root cause of the THM challenge and reduces the costs, chemical and energy demands, and environmental impacts of water treatment. The project will review and evaluate nature-based mitigation measures for rising DOC in a case study catchment to develop and validate a catchment-scale DOC monitoring, modelling and management tool. The fieldwork will involve innovative monitoring tools to study DOC loads and characteristics with real-time sensing of water quality, incl. fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM). This will build on experience with real-time water quality sensing systems of the National Green Infrastructure Facility and Newcastle University's Urban Observatory. The fieldwork will inform the development of a model for DOC management in catchments and in reservoirs to inform abstraction management and engagement with landowners. The project thus seeks to demonstrate a smart water infrastructure solution that combines sensing and modelling with nature-based approaches for climate change resilience and water security.