Engagement between UK NGOs and social movements on climate and environmentalism

摘要（不超过500字）我将调查英国非政府组织参与社会运动的性质，在英国公民行动主义的新浪潮。通过半结构化的访谈，共同创作研讨会，和二手数据收集，我将探讨以下研究问题：如何以及为什么英国非政府组织和英国社会运动相互参与？这些参与对政策进程有什么影响？自2011年公民行动主义浪潮以来，非政府组织的做法及其参与战略发生了哪些变化？我开发了这个研究建议的基础上，我目前的职业地位，乐施会谁，沿着许多其他非政府组织，致力于在英国和世界各地的非正式民间社会团体更紧密的伙伴关系。然而，正如我亲眼所见，非政府组织经常与非正式运动保持紧张甚至敌对的关系。对文献的初步审查表明，阿拉伯之春的民主运动和2011年以来的反紧缩和反资本主义运动引起了广泛的关注，并引发了广泛的文献。这包括检查抗议者的要求和愿望（Calhoun 2013; Kaldor和Selchow 2012），与以前的激进主义浪潮的相似性和差异（Calhoun，1993; Cammastrike 2021; Togral，2016），以及他们对新通信网络和社交媒体平台的利用（Castells，2012）。所谓的“新新社会运动”的一个重要方面是他们的预喻政治实践，即植根于无政府主义思想的概念，而不是简单地抗议统治政权，活动家正在“执行他们对未来“更美好世界”的愿景”（杰弗里和戴森，2020）。对于进步运动来说，这意味着，例如，采用无领导或等级较少的结构，更多地使用直接行动和新形式的干预和破坏（Cammaket，2021）。一个重要但尚未研究的领域是，这种新的行动主义，包括更具有象征意义的行动形式，对正式的民间社会行为者意味着什么，包括非政府组织，它们传统上更加制度化。特别是非政府组织如何应对这些更灵活的做法？我专注于英国，因为它是一个特别有趣和及时的研究背景。气候变化是英国一个突出的政治问题，尽管英国拥有世界上最成熟的公民社会之一，但人们担心英国的公民空间最近受到威胁。探索英国公民空间的变化性质对非政府组织/运动关系的意义将是对文学的及时和原创性贡献。我还希望我的研究结果对英国以外的利益相关者具有相关性。上述大多数非政府组织在多个国家开展活动，活动和社会运动的范围也越来越国际化。

Summary (no more than 500 words) I will investigate the nature of UK NGOs' engagement with social movements in light of new waves of civic activism in the UK. Through semi-structured interviews, co-creation workshops, and secondary data collection, I will explore the following research questions:How and why do UK NGOs and UK social movements engage with each other? What effects do these engagements have on policy processes? How have the practices of NGOs and their engagement strategies changed since the wave of civic activism in 2011? I developed this research proposal based on my current professional position as Oxfam who, along with many other NGOs, has committed to closer partnership with informal civil society groups in the UK and around the world. Yet, as I've witnessed first-hand, NGOs often have a strained or even combative relationship with informal movements. An initial review of the literature shows pro-democracy movements of the Arab Spring and anti-austerity and anti-capitalist movements from 2011 garnered wide attention and sparked a broad literature. This included examinations of protestors' demands and aspirations (Calhoun 2013; Kaldor and Selchow 2012), similarities and differences from previous waves of activism (Calhoun, 1993; Cammaerts 2021; Togral, 2016), and their utilisation of new communication networks and social media platforms (Castells, 2012). An important aspect of so-called 'new-new social movements' is their practice of prefigurative politics, that is the notion, rooted in anarchist thought, that rather than simply protesting against a dominant regime, activists are "perform[ing] their vision of a 'better world' to come" (Jeffery and Dyson, 2020). For progressive movements this means, for example, adopting a leaderless or less hierarchical structure, and making greater use of direct action and new forms of contestation and disruption (Cammaerts, 2021).An important, yet under researched, area relates to what this new activism, including more prefigurative forms of action, means for formal civil society actors, including NGOs, which are traditionally more institutionalised. How are NGOs, in particular, responding to these more fluid practices?I focus on the UK as it is a particularly interesting and timely context for research. Climate change is a prominent political issue in the UK and, while the UK has one of the most established civil societies in the world - there are concerns that UK civic space is newly under threat. Exploring what the changing nature of civic space in the UK means for NGO/movement relations will be a timely and original contribution to the literature. I also expect my findings to be of relevance to stakeholders beyond the UK. Most of the NGOs listed above operate in multiple countries and activism and social movements are also increasingly international in scope.