Towards an Archaeology of the Welfare State (1945 - 1979)

从二战结束到玛格丽特·撒切尔（Margaret Thatcher）上台的福利国家标志着政府对英国人口的社会福利（教育、健康、就业）进行直接、积极干预的一个高峰。这导致通过建设社会住房、学校、医院和其他福利设施，对英国的城乡景观进行了重大干预。然而，这些基础设施中的大部分现在已经达到了使用寿命，正在被拆除或通过重大翻新进行改造。曾经是现代化的前沿，现在正成为过去社会受到威胁的遗迹。这篇博士论文旨在探索福利国家的景观和建筑，并以伦敦为例进行研究。探索空间的使用和衔接、材料的部署以及建筑和开放空间的相互作用的相似之处，希望能够识别出与福利国家相关的独特历史景观。研究问题包括：国家现代性的原则是如何在一系列不同形式的建筑空间中被空间化的？同样的原则是否可以应用于一系列不同的WS建设项目？建筑空间的日常使用和参与是如何适应、增强和面对建筑师和设计师所提出的愿景的？这种改造的规模有多大：正式的扩建/翻新？对建筑空间进行临时改造？作为福利国家一部分的建筑的研究和社会价值如何在当代遗产管理的背景下被捕捉和表达？如何更好地设计记录概要和wsi，以捕捉20世纪复杂建筑方案中已建和未建空间使用的关键方面？

The Welfare State between the end of WWII and the rise of Margaret Thatcher marked a high-point for direct, proactive governmental intervention in the social welfare (education; health; employment) of the population of Britain. This resulted in a major intervention into the urban and rural landscapes of the UK through the construction of social housing, schools, hospitals and other welfare provision. However, much of this infrastructure has now reached the end of its use life and is being demolished or transformed through major renovation. What was once the cutting edge of modernity is now becoming the threatened relics of a past society. This proposed PhD thesis aims to explore the landscapes and buildings of the Welfare State, using London as a case study. Exploring similarities in approaches to the use and articulation of space and deployment of materials, and the interaction of built and open space, it hopes to identify distinctive historical landscapes that can be associated with the Welfare State.The research questions include:How are the principles of state modernity spatialized across a range of different forms of built space?Can the same principles be seen to be applied across a range of different WS construction programmes?How did the day-to-day use and engagement with the built space serve to adapt, enhance and confront the visions laid out by the architects and designers?At what scale did such adaptations take place: formal extension/refurbishment? Ad hoc re-working of built space?How can the research and social value of buildings constructed as part of the Welfare State be captured and articulated in a contemporary heritage management context?How can recording briefs and WSIs be better designed to capture key aspects of the use of built and unbuilt space in complex 20th century construction schemes?