Self-Organising Multi-Agent Systems

在向“数字时代”过渡的过程中出现的恶劣的社会问题，对设计日益复杂的社会技术系统来解决这些问题提出了挑战。这些系统必须将人类智能和计算智能结合起来，并依靠关于其用户的准确的、模拟世界的信息来建立信息的可访问性和所有权。许多现有的系统都是自定义的，但是是不可自定义的，这意味着用户必须等待来自开发人员的系统更新，而不是能够主动地自己进行更改。此外，用户提供的信息由系统所有者存储，这使得用户无法对自己的数据拥有自主权。因此，重要的是要设计一个生成系统，允许用户随意个性化和定制他们的体验，并使用允许本地存储数据的架构。我们设想这样一个系统，其体系结构基于本地服务器实例化（带有本地数据库），以实现数据自治，并能够下载各种插件以实现可定制性。元平台为服务器代码和一组插件提供了一个存储库，这些插件可以下载到各种媒体上，比如树莓派、移动电话或家用平板电脑。这允许用户通过购买相关技术来选择服务器的托管位置，并下载适合他们体验的插件。用户还可以邀请其他人到他们的网络中创建一个环境，在这个环境中，多个用户与所有者共享一个平台，以便与他们的插件进行交互。各种各样的插件提供了生成能力，因为它使用户能够使用软件创建原始平台设计者无法想象的创新平台。元平台存储库既是开源的，也是无限制的，因为任何用户都可以上传任何插件，以便在任何平台上使用。我们提供了对健全的社会技术系统有用的插件的三个例子：首先，一个插件能够通过创建数字治理等方式编纂深刻的社会知识。其次，我们考虑一个轻量级区块链替代品的插件-一个可以在用户之间跟踪的“经济”的好处/令牌。第三，我们设想一个本地托管的机器学习（ML）插件，其中的输出是为了用户的利益，而不是所有者的利益，因为任何数据嵌入都是模糊的，除了用户自己。

The wicked societal problems that arise from the transition to the 'Digital Age' present the challenge to engineer increasingly complex socio-technical systems to combat them. These systems must unite human and computational intelligence, and rely on accurate, analogue-world information about its users for establishing the accessibility and ownership of information. Many existing systems are custom owned, yet non-customisable, meaning that users must wait for system updates from the developers, instead of being able to actively make the changes themselves. Furthermore, the information that users supply is stored by the system owner, which prevents users from having autonomy over their own data. It is therefore important that a generative system is engineered, allowing for users to personalise and customise their experience at will, with an architecture that allows for the local storage of data. We envision a system with an architecture based around local server instantiation (with a local database) for data autonomy, and the ability to download various plug-ins for customisability. A meta-platform provides a repository for the server code and set of plug-ins which can be downloaded onto a variety of media, such as a Raspberry Pi, mobile phone, or home tablet. This allows for users to choose where to host the server, by purchasing a relevant piece of technology, and download the appropriate plug-ins for their experience. Users may also invite others to their network to create an environment, where multiple users share a platform with an owner to interact with their plug-ins.This variety of plug-ins affords generativity, as it empowers the userbase to use the software to create innovative platforms which were not imagined by the original platform's designers. The meta-platform repository is both open source and non-restrictive as any users may upload any plug-in for use on any platform. We offer three examples of plug-ins that can be useful for a sound socio-technical system: firstly, a plug-in that is able to codify deep social knowledge for example by creating digital governance. Secondly, we consider a plug-in for a lightweight blockchain alternative - one where an 'economy' of favours/tokens can be tracked between users. Thirdly, we envision a locally hosted machine learning (ML) plug-in, where the output is for the benefit of the user, not the owner, as any data embedding is obscured from everyone but the user themselves.