Improving Alcohol Consumption Self-Report Measurement

说明(由申请人提供)：建议进行一项方法论研究，以调查酒精消费自我报告措施的错误来源和种类：具体而言，是用于流行病学和服务研究的回顾总结饮酒模式措施。我们假设，“真实”饮酒模式的特征(定义为每次饮酒数量、饮酒频率和饮料选择的平均值和变异性)将影响消费标准测量中的随机和系统误差(偏差)，从而降低其可靠性和有效性。除平均饮酒量外，超过5杯/天饮酒量阈值(一种常见的模式指标)的饮酒已与酗酒的健康后果风险有关：社会后果、发病率和死亡率。选择了三种不同类型的自我报告摘要饮酒措施进行研究：针对饮料的Knupfer系列，分级频率指标--同时评估饮酒量和饮酒量--以及简单的数量-频率(QF)指标。这些标准测量一起出现在几个酒精研究小组(ARG)的全国酒精电话和面对面调查中，允许在受试者内进行比较。在研究的第一阶段，也就是日记试验阶段，我们将完善一种新的日记格式，包括ARG中心开发的创新的服务大小和乙醇含量评估技术。还将调查前4周日记系列的回顾总结中的致敏效应，并将使用非侵入性生理测量(手腕佩戴的经皮酒精传感器，或TAS)来验证日记自我报告。在主要数据收集阶段(n=500)，筛选战略确保充分纳入经常饮酒的人。基于每一项汇总措施的饮酒分布的各种统计数据将与每日日记中临时报告中的类似统计数据进行比较。Thetas将再次用于300例病例，以建立自我报告错误的模型，并研究估计的血液酒精浓度(EBACs)。随机效应和贝叶斯方法将被用来分析事件，比较基于生理和自我报告的个体估计。错误的建模将包括协变量，如年龄、性别、种族和教育程度，加上饮酒背景和对醉酒的态度，假设比日记更有偏见和降低摘要报告的质量，TAS数据假设没有自我报告的偏见。这项研究将提出关于复杂人类健康行为调查中的测量误差的理论；它旨在产生实用的结果，这些结果将有助于校准现有的调查措施，并帮助开发更好的酒精摄入模式衡量标准，这对于改进流行病学、临床和服务研究至关重要。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A methodological study is proposed to investigate sources and kinds of errors in self-report measures of alcohol consumption: specifically, retrospective summary drinking pattern measures for use in epidemiological and services research. We hypothesize that features of the "true" drinking pattern (defined as mean and variability of quantities per occasion, frequency of drinking, and beverage choices), will affect both random and systematic error (bias) in standard measures of consumption, reducing their reliability and validity. Beyond average volume, drinking above a 5-drink/day-quantity threshold (a common pattem indicator) has been implicated in risks of health outcomes of alcohol abuse: social consequences, morbidity, and mortality. Three distinct types of self-report summary drinking measures are selected for study: the beverage-specific Knupfer Series, the Graduated Frequencies measures--both assessing pattem and volume of drinking--and the simple quantity-frequency (QF) measure. These standard measures appear together in several Alcohol Research Group (ARG) national alcohol telephone and in-person surveys, allowing within-subjects comparisons. In the first phase of the research, a diary pilot phase, we will refine a new diary format including innovative serving-size and ethanol-content assessment techniques developed in the ARG Center. Sensitization effects in the retrospective summaries from the preceding 4-week diary series will also be investigated and a noninvasive physiological measure (a wrist-worn transdermal alcohol sensor, or TAS) will be used to validate the diary self reports. In the main data collection phase (n = 500), a screening strategy assures adequate inclusion of frequent drinkers. Various statistics of the drinking distribution based on each summary measure will be compared with similar statistics dedved from by-occasion reports in daily diaries. TheTAS again will be used for 300 cases to model errors of self-report and study estimated blood alcohol concentrations (EBACs). Random effects and Bayesian approaches will be used to analyze events, comparing physiological-and self-report-based estimates within individuals. Modeling of errors will include covariates like age, sex, ethnic group, and education, plus context of drinking and attitude toward drunkenness, hypothesized to bias and degrade summary reports more than diaries, with TAS-data assumed free of self-report biases. The study will advance theory about measurement error in surveys of complex human health behaviors; it is designed to generate applied findings that will aid calibration of existing survey measures and help develop better measures of alcohol-intake pattern essential for improvement of epidemiological, clinical and services research studies.