Tanzania Injection Drug Use/HIV Prevention Project

注射吸毒对撒哈拉以南非洲艾滋病毒/艾滋病大流行的贡献几乎没有得到科学关注。坦桑尼亚艾滋病预防项目(TAPP)将调查撒哈拉以南非洲地区注射毒品的使用情况。Tapp建立在我们过去两年在坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆进行的研究的基础上。我们的研究有力地表明，注射吸毒可能是非洲艾滋病大流行的一个重要因素，特别是在城市地区。Tapp有六个具体目标。它们是：描述更安全的针头使用和性行为的环境障碍和促进者；描述在二元结构中共用针头和性行为的细微差别；描述社会污名作为艾滋病毒检测和教育活动被接受的障碍的影响；估计达累斯萨拉姆吸毒者中艾滋病毒的流行率；估计在二元结构中安全/不安全的针头使用和安全/不安全的性行为的流行率；以及估计在二元结构中更安全的针头使用和避孕套使用意图。我们将使用由定性和定量部分组成的混合方法研究设计来实现这些目标。数据收集将以社会认知理论为指导。数据将从居住在达累斯萨拉姆七个社区的注射吸毒者的有目的样本中收集。混合设计的两个组成部分是相辅相成的，各自产生的数据经三角计算后，将提供对艾滋病毒注射毒品风险环境、艾滋病毒在注射吸毒者中的流行率的丰富评估，以及充分的社会认知数据，以指导制定与坦桑尼亚情况相关的干预措施，以减少与注射毒品使用有关的艾滋病毒发病率。

The contribution made by injection drug use to the HIV/AIDS pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa has received little scientific attention. The "TANZANIAN AIDS PREVENTION PROJECT, (TAPP)," will investigate injection drug use in Sub-Saharan African. TAPP builds on research we have been conducting for the past two years in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Our studies strongly suggest that injection drug use may be a significant contributor to the AIDS pandemic in Africa, especially in urban areas. TAPP has six specific aims. They are: to describe the environmental barriers to and facilitators of safer needle use and sexual practices; to describe the nuances of needle sharing and sexual practices within dyad structures; to describe the effect of social stigma as a barrier to acceptability of HTV testing and educational activities; to estimate HTV prevalence among drug injectors in Dar es Salaam; to estimate the prevalence of safe/unsafe needle use and safe/unsafe sexual behaviors within dyad structures; and to estimate safer needle use and condom use intentions within dyad structures. We will accomplish these aims using a mixed method research design composed of qualitative and quantitative components. Data collection will be guided by the Social Cognitive Theory. Data will be collected from purposeful samples of injection drug users residing in seven neighborhoods in Dar es Salaam. The two components of the mixed design are complementary, each producing data that, when triangulated, will provide a rich assessment of the HTV injection drug risk environment, prevalence of HTV among injection drug users, and sufficient social cognitive data to guide the development of interventions to decrease HTV incidence related to injection drug use that are relevant to the Tanzanian context.