Adaptation of Shakespeare in Contemporary Iranian Theatre: A Dissident Reading of Society and Politics

这项拟议的研究探讨了2000年至2020年之间当代伊朗剧院莎士比亚的改编和重新概念化。总体而言，伊朗的莎士比亚作品改编采用了三种主要方法：(1)挑战重要政治问题的戏剧，如伊朗现代史上独裁统治的建立，特别是哈姆雷特和麦克白的改编；(2)反映伊朗社会文化问题的戏剧，如性别不平等和戏剧审查；(3)引发哲学美学讨论的重新创作，旨在实践一个反对主流戏剧中感知和意义的实验阶段。通过使用文化唯物主义持不同政见者阅读和改编研究，以及社会政治批评，本研究分析了适应政治，持不同政见者的范围，以及伊朗适应者以富有成效和引人入胜的方式利用莎士比亚的方式来反思当今伊朗的社会文化，政治和哲学问题。当代伊朗的历史事件，如2000年代以来的民间起义，是在伊朗戏剧创作实践和戏剧制作中出现对莎士比亚的社会、政治和其他解释和改编的决定性因素。

This proposed research explores the adaptation and reconceptualisation of Shakespeare in contemporary Iranian theatre between 2000 and 2020. Overall, Iranian Shakespearean reworkings pursue three main approaches: (1) the plays that challenge important political issues such as the establishment of dictatorship in modern history of Iran, the Hamlet and Macbeth adaptations in particular; (2) the plays that engage in reflecting on Iran's sociocultural problems such as gender inequality and theatre censorship; and (3) the reworkings that spark philosophical-aesthetic discussions aiming at practicing an experimental stage against perception and meaning in the mainstream theatre. By using cultural materialist dissident reading and adaptation studies, as well as sociopolitical criticism, this proposed research analyzes adaptation politics, the scope of dissidence, and the way Iranian adapters have utilised Shakespeare in productive and engaging ways to reflect on sociocultural, political and philosophical issues in present-day Iran. Contemporary Iranian historical events such as civil uprisings since 2000s are deciding factors in the emergence of social, political and alternative interpretations and adaptations of Shakespeare in playwriting practice and theatre production in Iran.