FACTORS AFFECTING CALORIC REGULATION IN HUMAN FEEDING

这是一份来自长期支持的调查员的书面申请。这些研究使用人类受试者，涉及三个实验，解决四个目标。第一个目的是评估高脂肪饮食的高能量摄入是由于这些食物的能量密度而不是与脂肪本身的其他特性有关的假设。在第二个具体目标的假设评价是，食物的重量通过吸收前的机制，而能量和营养成分的作用通过吸收后的机制。在第三个具体目标中，目的是检验肥胖者在短期和长期内对食物的能量和脂肪含量的感知和反应能力受损的假设。第四个具体目标是测试当低能量强度的食物与高密度食物在重量基础上相匹配时，低能量强度的食物是否真的抑制了初始饥饿感并延长了饱腹感。测试这些假设的实验涉及两组短期喂养研究操纵预负荷，但显着涉及同一个体受试者的多次坐。第三个实验是对能量密度相似但脂肪含量不同的日粮进行长期比较，然后进行改变能量密度而固定脂肪含量的反向实验。实验仔细改变脂肪含量，同时保持能量含量恒定，反之亦然，同时保持恒定的适口性。

This is a well-written application from an investigator with a long period of support. These investigations use human subjects and involve three experiments addressing four aims. The first aim is to assess the hypothesis that high energy intakes on high fat diets are due to the energy density of those foods rather than specifically relating to other properties of fat itself. In the second specific aim the hypothesis evaluated is that the weight of food acts through preabsorptive mechanisms while energy and nutrient content act through postabsorptive mechanisms. In the third specific aim the intent is to test the hypothesis that obese humans have an impaired ability to sense and respond to energy and fat content of foods within the short and long term periods. The fourth specific aim is to test whether it is true that foods of low energy intensity suppress initial hunger and prolong satiety more when they are matched to high density foods on a weight basis. The experiments testing these hypotheses involve two sets of short term feeding studies manipulating preloads, but significantly involving multiple sittings for the same individual subject. The third experiment is a long term comparison of diets of similar energy density but differing in fat content and then doing the reverse experiment of changing energy density while fixing fat content. The experiments carefully vary fat content while keeping the energy content constant or vice versa, all while maintaining constant palatability.