Perennial crops for sustainable cities

首先，可持续城市的多年生作物轮作城市农业(UA)越来越被认为是一种更可持续的粮食生产战略。UA还可以增加城市居民的健康和福祉，减少城市变暖和空气污染，并为野生动物提供栖息地。有证据表明，小规模的UA可以与传统农业一样高产，而且通常使用更少的合成化肥。然而，仍然必须考虑到UA所涉及的资源使用的方方面面，以确保其真正的可持续。果树和灌木等多年生作物可能会为减少UA的资源使用提供多种好处。它们不需要每年重新种植，从而减少了土壤侵蚀，并提供了碳储存。它们可能需要更少的劳动力，并可以通过为野生动物提供食物和全年避难所来提供生物多样性好处。多年生作物也可能对授粉和其他资源限制更具弹性，这是由于生长季节之间的资源分流。目的和方法：1.对UA多年生作物的利弊进行系统审查，确定知识差距；2.与种植者合作，使用公民科学，收集关于UA多年生作物、一年生作物和混合种植的资源使用(水、化学、劳动力、财务)的数据；3.使用问卷来确定对UA多年生作物的态度，例如，种植和消费此类作物的意愿(包括有弹性的和不太常见的作物)以及预期的好处和使用障碍；4.开展授粉逆境试验，以评估多年生作物对传粉者限制的恢复能力。

First rotation Perennial crops for sustainable citiesUrban agriculture (UA) is increasingly recognised as a strategy for more sustainable food production. UA can also increase the health and wellbeing of urban residents, reduce warming and air pollution in cities, and provide habitat for wildlife. Evidence suggests that small-scale UA can be as productive as conventional farming, and typically uses fewer synthetic fertilisers. However, considerations must still be given to all aspects of resource use involved in UA to ensure it is truly sustainable.Perennial crops such as fruit trees and shrubs may offer multiple benefits for reducing resource use in UA. They don't need to be replanted annually, leading to less soil erosion, and providing carbon storage. They may require less labour and could offer biodiversity benefits by providing food and year-round shelter for wildlife. Perennial crops may also be more resilient to pollination and other resource limitations due to shunting of resources between growing seasons.Aims and methods:1. Conduct a systematic review of the pros/cons of perennial crops in UA, identifying knowledge gaps;2. Work with growers, using citizen science, to collect data on resource use (water, chemical,labour, financial) in perennial, annual and mixed plantings in UA;3. Use questionnaires to identify attitudes towards perennial crops in UA e.g. the willingness togrow and consume such crops (including resilient and less commonly grown crops)and the perceived benefits and barriers to use;4. Conduct pollination deficit experiments to assess the resilience of perennial crops to pollinator limitation.