Exploring Biochar Production in Applied Smouldering Systems

鉴于气候变化的直接风险，需要采取大胆的碳固存举措。生物炭生产已被建议作为这样的倡议之一（1）。生物炭是热处理生物质的富碳副产品，通常通过热解，其在农业系统中的应用已被证明是改善土壤质量的可行方法（2）。然而，热解装置依赖于电热反应，因此需要外部能量，这可能导致过程复杂性。应用阴燃是新兴的有价值的环境工程技术，由于其系统已被证明适用于一系列应用。例如，低收入国家的废物变能源补救、资源回收/发电和离网环境卫生。（三）、阴燃是一种无火焰的低温燃烧形式，在这些系统中被利用来支持自我维持的过程，而不需要外部能源。这些系统具有很高的能源效率，因此可以管理有问题的废物，例如水分含量高或挥发性低的废物。

Given the immediate risks of climate change, bold carbon sequestration initiatives are needed. Biochar production has been suggested as one such initiative (1). Biocharis a carbon-rich by-product of thermal processing biomass, typically via pyrolsis, and its application in agricultural systems has been demonstrated as viable method to improve soil quality (2). However, pyrolsis units rely on edothermic reactions and therefore require external energy, which can lead to process complexity.Applied smouldering is emerging as valuable environmental engineering technology due to its systems have been demonstrated suitable for a range of application. e.g. for waste-to-energy remediation, resource recovery/generation, and off grid sanitation in low-income countries. (3). Smouldering is a flameless, low-temperature form of combustion that is harnessed in these systems to support a self-sustaining process without the need for external energy. These systems are highly energy efficient and can therefore manage problematic wastes, e.g. with high moisture content or low volatility.