Growing biohybrid scaffolds in the lab: Controlling the culture environment to create biohybrid scaffolds with pre-determined compositions and functio

为了促进组织工程的广泛临床应用，制造具有正确结构、生物和机械性能的现成支架是很重要的。合成支架、天然聚合物和脱细胞组织在功能、机械性能、可用性或有效去除细胞材料方面存在缺陷，限制了它们的成功。生物杂化支架结合了生物组分与合成支架的优点，避免了这些缺点。通过在体外合成支架上培养产生ecm的细胞，然后对所得到的结构进行脱细胞处理，产生的生物杂交支架也具有复制天然组织复杂性的潜力。然而，很少有人关注优化和控制ECM的数量和结构，或者促进生成特定生物分子配方所需的条件。此外，大多数脱细胞过程发生在离体组织中。这些过程对实验室生长的单个组件和不太成熟的ECM的影响是很差的特征，需要显著的优化。

To facilitate widespread clinical use of tissue engineering it is important to create off-the-shelf scaffolds with the correct architecture, biological and mechanical properties. Synthetic scaffolds, natural polymers and decellularized tissues have drawbacks in functionality, mechanical properties, availability, or effective removal of cellular material that limit their success.Biohybrid scaffolds combine the advantages of biological components with synthetic scaffolds to avoid these drawbacks. Biohybrid scaffolds generated by culturing ECM-producing cells in vitro on synthetic scaffolds and then decellularizing the resulting construct also have the potential to replicate the complexity of native tissue. However, there is little attention placed on optimising and controlling the quantity and structure of the ECM or the conditions required to promote the generation of specific formulations of biomolecules. Furthermore, most decellularization processes were developed for ex vivo tissues. The impact of these processes on the individual components of lab grown and less mature ECM is poorly characterised and requires significant optimisation.