Adsorption of Gas Phase Contaminants

描述：呼吸保护是防止有害污染物的最后手段。然而，在他们的日常工作活动中，有大量的工人 依靠呼吸器来保护他们。在气相污染物的情况下，使用含有吸附材料的墨盒来从呼吸区去除气体和蒸气。纯或浸渍颗粒活性碳(GAC)是用于呼吸器的主要吸附剂，可吸附工作场所中可能存在的大量蒸汽和气体。一些缺点，包括低容量，低选择性，以及要求昂贵，有时难以穿戴的墨盒作为安全壳，使GAC不是一个理想的吸附剂。活性碳纤维(ACF)比GAC具有许多优点，包括更好的吸附能力和更快的动力学，但它们比GAC昂贵得多，还没有被认为是一种可行的替代品。使用廉价玻璃纤维作为碳化酚醛树脂基材的新型ACF家族的开发使ACF更具竞争力。新型微孔复合材料纤维多孔材料(FPM)在吸附多种化合物方面表现出比GAC更好的吸附性能。然而，它们在呼吸保护方面的应用尚未被探索。这项研究的目的是研究与气相污染物的呼吸防护相关的FPM的特性。 这项研究将通过调查以下内容，更好地了解ACF的吸附过程以及这些材料在呼吸保护方面的适用性： 1.动态条件下FPM对多种气体、蒸气和混合物的吸附特性， 2.相关吸附模型对FPM呼吸器吸附效率和使用寿命预测的适用性， 3.纤维取向和堆积密度对滤芯压降和吸附效率的影响。

DESCRIPTION: Respiratory protection represents the last resort for protection against harmful contaminants. However, in their daily work activity a large number of workers rely on respirators for their protection. In the case of gas phase contaminants, cartridges containing adsorbing material are used to remove the gases and vapors from the breathing zone. Pure or impregnated Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) is the main adsorbent used in respirators for a large number of vapors and gases which may exist in the workplace. A number of drawbacks including low capacity, low selectivity and the requirement of expensive and sometime difficult to wear cartridges as containment, makes GAC a less than ideal adsorbent. Activated Carbon Fibers (ACF) present a number of advantages over GAC including better adsorption capacity and faster kinetics, but they are much more expensive than GAC and have not been considered a viable alternative. The development of a new ACF family using inexpensive glass fibers as a substrate for carbonized phenolic resin makes ACF more competitive. The new microporous composite materials, Fibrous Porous Materials (FPMs) have shown improved adsorption performance over GAC in the adsorption of a number of compounds. However their use in respiratory protection has not yet been explored. The research proposed here aims to investigate the properties of the FPMs relevant to their use in respiratory protection against gas phase contaminants. This research will bring a better understanding of the ACF adsorption process in general and the applicability of these materials for respiratory protection by investigating: 1. The adsorption characteristics of FPMs for a number of gases, vapors and mixtures under dynamic conditions, 2. The applicability of relevant adsorption models to predict the adsorption efficiency and service life of respiratory devices using FPMs, 3. The effect of fiber orientation and packing density on the pressure drop and adsorption efficiency of cartridges using FPMs.