Highly bright and narrow emitting nanocrystal fluoreagents for multiplexed detect

描述(申请人提供)：基于荧光的多路检测和光谱分析在分析化学、分子生物学和医学诊断中得到越来越多的应用。例如，基因组学和蛋白质组学研究的快速发展阐明了多个生物标志物的可用性，与单标志物检测相比，同时检测可以显著提高对癌症等复杂疾病的诊断准确性。快速、灵敏和同时检测食品、水和空气中的多种病原体，对于确保公共安全和保护公众免受潜在的生物恐怖主义是至关重要的。在现代结构生物学中，同时探测多亚基蛋白质等较大生物分子内不同位置之间距离的变化将为开发合理的药物设计和快速开发针对化学和生物对策的疫苗提供有价值的信息。然而，高质量的荧光剂的获得和高而独特的荧光发射是上述所有应用的前提。这一NIH SBIR计划将开发一系列合金三元半导体纳米晶，这些纳米晶具有高度明亮、稳定和窄的发射，很容易与蛋白质和DNA等生物分子生物结合，因此可以理想地用作多重检测和光谱中的荧光剂。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Fluorescence-based multiplexed detection and spectroscopy is finding more and more applications in analytical chemistry, molecular biology, and medical diagnostics. For example, rapid advance in genomics and proteomics research has elucidated the availability of multiple biomarkers, of which simultaneous detection allow diagnosing the complex diseases such as cancer with significantly improved accuracy in comparison with the single marker detection. Rapid, sensitive and simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens in food, in water, and in air, is essential to ensure public safety and to protect the public against potential bioterrorism. In the modern structural biology, simultaneously probing the change in distances between different sites within a larger biomolecule such as multi-subunit proteins would provide valuable information that can be utilized for the development of rational drug design and rapid vaccine development for chemical and biological countermeasures. While, the availability of high quality fluoreagents with the high and distinguished fluorescent emission is the prerequisite for all above-mentioned applications. This NIH SBIR program will develop a series of alloyed tertiary semiconductor nanocrystals that have highly bright, stable, and narrow emission, are readily to be bio-conjugated with biomolecules such as proteins and DNA, and thus can be ideally be used as fluoreagents in multiplexed detection and spectroscopy.