OLFACTORY CONDITIONING OF FLAVORS IN MACACA NEMESTRINA

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心，不一定是研究者所在机构。人类婴儿的嗅觉调节可以增强新的和厌恶的解决方案的摄入，从而帮助药物消耗和饮食过渡。嗅觉条件反射对研究长期记忆也很有用。初步的嗅觉条件反射的研究，我们评估了气味偏好/厌恶5托儿所提出的婴儿年龄范围从5-10个月。该方法使用直径为10厘米的圆形，中心有一个0.5英寸的孔，从咖啡过滤器上切下来，在柠檬，杏仁或香草的纯提取物中浸泡60秒。将两个装有500 ml水的瓶子连接到左后笼壁和右后笼壁，在离笼底1英尺的高度（关闭）。在21个测试日的每个测试日的11：00-14：45小时，将圆圈随机放置在瓶子上，距离喷口端2英寸。基线阶段使用无味瓶。测试阶段将每种气味与水配对，以及每种气味与其他两种气味配对。记录每个瓶子的用水量。与基线相比，婴儿消耗了更多的水与杏仁和香草配对，表明这些气味增强了摄入。与柠檬搭配的水处于或低于基线，表明对这种气味的相对厌恶。我们的结论是，一些气味可以提高水的摄入量的婴儿猕猴。然而，当动物在初始调节后2-6个月进行保留测试时，10只动物中只有4只喜欢调节后的风味。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Olfactory conditioning in human infants can enhance ingestion of new and aversive solutions, thereby aiding medicine consumption and diet transitions. Olfactory conditioning is also useful for studying long term memory. Preliminary to a study of olfactory conditioning, we assessed scent preference/aversion in 5 nursery raised infants ranging in age from 5-10 months. The method uses 10-cm diameter circles with a .5-in center hole, cut from coffee filters, soaked for 60-sec in pure extracts of lemon, almond, or vanilla. Two bottles containing 500 ml of water are attached to the left and right rear cage wall, at lixit height (turned off) 1-ft from the cage floor. The circles were randomly placed on the bottles, 2-in from the spout end, from 11:00-14:45 hours on each of 21 test days. Baseline sessions used unscented bottles. Test sessions paired each scent against water, as well as each against the other two scents. Amount of water consumed from each bottle was recorded. Infants consumed more water paired with almond and vanilla than at baseline, demonstrating that these scents enhanced ingestion. Water paired with lemon was at or below baseline, suggesting a relative aversion to this scent. We conclude that some scents can enhance the intake of water by infant macaques. However, when animals were tested for retention 2-6 months after initial conditioning only 4 of 10 preferred the conditioned flavor.