National Survey on HIV Risk for African-American Women

描述（由申请人提供）：从1999年7月到2000年6月，在妇女中，非裔美国妇女占艾滋病病例的63%，占艾滋病毒感染者的69.2%。因此，这项全国性的纵向研究（N= 1000）的目的是在24个月的随访期内检查与非洲裔美国妇女艾滋病毒风险相关的性别因素。该提案是埃默里大学和专业调查研究公司ORC Macro的合作成果。我们建议使用三阶段的比例分层随机数字拨号方法来招募样本。第一阶段包括确定三个阶层：美国48个大陆的城市、郊区和农村地区。第二阶段涉及在这些阶层中确定符合条件的家庭。第三阶段是确定每个家庭中符合条件的个人。符合条件的调查对象必须是非裔美国女性，年龄在18至44岁之间，未婚，在筛查后90天内性生活活跃，并表示同意。在女性提交书面知情同意书后，ORC Macro的一位采访者将进行计算机辅助电话访谈。访谈以性别与权力理论为指导。它已经被dr。Wingood和DiClemente研究了与女性感染艾滋病毒风险相关的因素。这一理论有三个结构，性别分工（检查社会经济影响）、性别权力分工（检查伴侣和制度影响）和导管结构（检查可能影响妇女艾滋病毒风险的规范和情感影响）。结构方程模型将用于检验以下研究目标：

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Among women, African-American women comprised 63% of AIDS cases and 69.2% of HIV infections from July 1999 through June 2000. Thus, the proposed national, longitudinal study (N= 1000) is designed to examine gendered factors associated with HIV risk in African-American women over a 24-month follow-up period. The proposal is a collaborative effort between Emory University and ORC Macro, a professional survey research firm. We propose using a three-stage proportionate stratified random digit dial methodology to recruit the sample. Stage one involves identifying three strata: city, suburban, and rural regions in the 48 continental United States. Stage two involves identifying eligible households in these strata. Stage three involves identifying eligible individuals in each household. Eligible respondents must be African American women, 18 to 44 years of age, who are unmarried, sexually active within 90 days of the screening, and provide consent. After women return their written informed consent, an interviewer from ORC Macro will administer the Computer-Assisted Telephone Interview. The interview is guided by the theory of Gender and Power. which has been extended and adapted by Drs. Wingood and DiClemente to examine factors associated with HIV risk in women. This theory has three structures, the sexual division of labor (examines socioeconomic influences), the sexual division of power (examines partner and institutional influences) and the structure of cathexis (examines norms and affective influences) that may influence women's HIV risk. Structural equation modeling will be used to examine the following study aims: To determine if the Sexual Division of Labor, specifically, educational attainment, employment status, health insurance status, number of dependents, living arrangements, economic hardship, neighborhood residence, social cohesion, economic dependence on the partner and income predict unprotected sexual intercourse and multiple partners over the two-year follow-up period. To determine if the Sexual Division of Power, specifically, sexual abuse, physical abuse, traumatic life events, sexual harassment, exposure to sexually degrading media, racial discrimination, partner communication, partner resistance to condom use, male partner's and women's use of alcohol and drugs predict unprotected sexual intercourse and multiple partners over the two-year follow-up period. To determine if the Structure of Cathexis, specifically, pregnancy desire, gender norms, spirituality, partner availability, partner age, relationship status, relationship length, relationship commitment, relationship satisfaction, HIV stigma and sexual dysfunction, predict unprotected sexual intercourse and multiple partners over the two-year follow-up period. To determine the unique variance that each of the three latent constructs (Sexual Division of Labor, Sexual Division of Power and Structure of Cathexis) explains in the model over the two-year follow-up period.