AGE RELATED EFFECTS OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION ON CEREBRAL CORTICAL ACTIVITATION

这个子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和调查员(PI)可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可能会出现在其他CRISE条目中。列出的机构是针对中心的，而不一定是针对调查员的机构。睡眠剥夺在成年人中很常见，人们已经通过认知表现和神经心理测试来研究睡眠剥夺的影响。已有研究表明，睡眠不足会导致认知能力下降。为了确定在睡眠剥夺期间认知能力下降的原因，必须研究睡眠剥夺大脑中神经元的放电和血流是如何变化的。功能磁共振成像(FMRI)是一种可用于通过血液充氧水平依赖方法(BOLD)测量睡眠剥夺脑中血流变化的工具，可在各种认知操作测试中进行。这个项目的总体目标是通过功能磁共振成像和认知测试来了解大脑对睡眠剥夺的反应。根据fMRI的测量，假设在36小时的睡眠剥夺后，老年人在工作记忆相关任务和视觉空间任务中招募前额叶皮质将比年轻人更困难。这些研究的结果将提供对大脑如何对睡眠不足做出反应的潜在机制的洞察，为什么认知能力会因睡眠不足而改变，以及衰老如何改变这些机制。这项提议的具体目的是1)测试假设，即被剥夺睡眠的大脑在某些认知任务期间通过增加流向与执行这些任务最相关的大脑区域的血液来进行补偿，2)测试这一假设，即随着年龄的增长，认知能力对睡眠不足的反应会下降得更快，以及3)测试这样的假设，即随着年龄的增长，与年轻受试者相比，在睡眠不足的状态下，皮质激活会发生变化，导致在认知测试中流向特定大脑区域的血液更少。4)定位易受睡眠剥夺影响的大脑皮层区域5)确定年轻人和老年人在36小时睡眠剥夺后的睡眠恢复情况。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Sleep deprivation is common among the adult population, and the effects of sleep deprivation have been studied using cognitive performance and neuropsychological testing. It has been shown that cognitive performance declines in response to sleep deprivation. In order to determine why cognitive performance declines during sleep deprivation it must be addressed as to how neuronal firing and blood flow changes in the sleep deprived brain. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is one tool available to measure blood flow changes via the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent method (BOLD) in the sleep deprived brain and can be conducted during various cognitive performance tests. The overall goal of this project is to understand how the brain responds to sleep deprivation in younger and older adults using fMRI and cognitive testing. It is hypothesized that older adults will have more difficulty than younger adults in recruiting the prefrontal cortex in working memory-related and visual-spatial tasks after 36 hours of sleep deprivation, as measured by the fMRI. Results from these studies will provide insight into the mechanisms underlying how the brain responds to sleep deprivation, why cognitive performance changes in response to sleep deprivation, and how aging alters these mechanisms. The specific aims of this proposal are 1) To test the hypothesis that the sleep deprived brain compensates during certain cognitive tasks by increasing blood flow to the regions of the brain most involved in performing those tasks, 2) To test the hypothesis that in aging cognitive performance declines more rapidly in response to sleep deprivation, and 3) To test the hypothesis that in aging there will be a change in cortical Activation compared to younger subjects during a sleep-deprived state, resulting in less blood flow to certain brain regions during cognitive testing. 4) To localize cerebral cortical areas that are susceptible to Sleep Deprivation 5) to determine sleep recovery following 36 hours of sleep deprivation in young and older subjects.