THE BREAST AND OVARIAN SURVEILLANCE SERVICE (BOSS) COHORT STUDY

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心，不一定是研究者所在机构。本研究的主要目的是建立一个有乳腺癌家族史的女性队列，以促进早期检测技术从实验室到临床的转化。一般人群中20%的女性有乳腺癌阳性家族史（1）。癌症风险增加的妇女在基于人口的队列中没有很好的代表性。特别是在这些家庭中，早期发现和预防战略的管理选择极其有限。该队列将为我们提供一个平台，以检查新的遗传，分子和环境标志物/暴露之间的关联，以及使用病例对照设计的乳腺癌增加和乳腺密度增加等因素可能在乳腺因果通路中（2）。从长远来看，我们还将能够测量与预后相关的因素。关于乳腺密度的病因学知之甚少，乳腺密度在有乳腺癌家族史的女性中普遍存在，并且是一种可改变的风险因素（2-5）。即使没有因果关系，乳腺密度的降低也可以增加乳腺X线摄影检测早期乳腺病变的灵敏度，这本身就是一个有用的目标。目前，它被用作II期化学预防研究的中间终点。来自该队列的研究结果可能有助于我们确定沿着家族史可能改变女性乳腺密度增加和乳腺癌风险的因素。被认为是在因果途径的因素，然后可能能够与预防剂的目标。本研究的第二个目的是收集有卵巢癌家族史的妇女的血液和危险因素信息，以供将来研究。其中一些妇女也有乳腺癌的家族史，并来到高风险诊所。因此，这是一个机会，我们建立一个血清库，在一个罕见的妇女群体谁也需要更好的预测标志物以及早期检测和预防策略。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The primary aim of this study is to establish a cohort of women with a family history of breast cancer so as to facilitate the translation of early detection techniques from the lab to the clinical setting. Twenty percent of women in the general population have a positive family history of breast cancer(1). Women at an increased risk of cancer are not well represented in population-based cohorts. The management options for both early detection and preventive strategies particularly in these families are extremely limited. This cohort would provide us with a platform to examine the association between novel genetic, molecular, and environmental markers/exposures, and both increased breast cancer and factors such as increased breast density that may be in the breast causal pathway using a case-control design (2). Over the long term we will be able to also measure factors associated with prognosis. Little is known about the etiology of breast density, which is prevalent in women with a family history of breast cancer and is a modifiable risk factor (2-5). Even if it is not causally linked, a decrease in breast density can increase the sensitivity of mammographic detection of early breast lesions, a useful goal in itself. Currently it is being used as an intermediate endpoint in phase II chemoprevention studies. Results from studies arising from this cohort may assist us in identifying factors that along with family history may modify a women risk of increased breast density and breast cancer. Factors that are thought to be in the causal pathway may then be able to be targeted with preventive agents. A secondary aim of this study is to collect blood and risk factor information on women with a family history of ovarian cancer for future studies. Some of these women will also have a family history of breast cancer and come to the high-risk clinic. Therefore, this is an opportunity for us to establish a serum bank in a rare group of women who are also in need of better predictive markers as well as early detection and preventive strategies.