INSULIN SENSITIVITY AND BODY FAT IN CHILDREN

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心，不一定是研究者所在机构。本提案的目的是研究健康的美洲原住民和高加索儿童的胰岛素敏感性与体脂量和分布（中心与外周脂肪）之间的功能关系。假设：中心假设是：1）胰岛素敏感性和美洲原住民血液量（美洲原住民血液的百分比）之间存在反比关系，以及2）在任何给定的体重指数（BMI）下，美洲原住民儿童将比白人儿童具有更大量的总身体脂肪和更多的胰岛素抵抗。主题：采用非匹配研究设计的4个研究组（12 - 17岁），将美洲土著和高加索儿童（12 - 17岁）按男性和女性划分，每组8名儿童，将作为研究受试者（总N=32）。研究方法：将使用频繁采样的胰岛素葡萄糖耐量试验（FSIGTT）评估胰岛素敏感性，同时使用DEXA测量全身脂肪和分布。重要性：结果将是重要的，因为它们将增强我们对潜在的代谢和生理特征的理解，这些特征有助于观察到儿童2型糖尿病发病率的种族和民族差异，从而导致创新的，文化特定的预防和治疗策略。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The objective of this proposal is to investigate the functional relationships between insulin sensitivity with body fat mass and distribution (central vs. peripheral fat) in healthy Native American and Caucasian children. Hypotheses: The central hypotheses are that: 1) there is an inverse relationship between insulin sensitivity and Native American blood quantum (percentage of Native American blood), and 2) at any given body mass index (BMI), Native American children will, have greater amounts of total body fat and be more insulin-resistant than Caucasian children. Subjects: Four study groups utilizing a non-matched study design of Native Americans and Caucasian children (12 - 17 years old) divided by males and females using 8 per group will serve as study subjects (total N=32). Methods: Insulin sensitivity will be assessed utilizing the frequently sampled insulin glucose tolerance test (FSIGTT) while total body fat and distribution will be measured with DEXA. Significance: The results will be significant, because they will enhance our understanding of the underlying metabolic and physiologic characteristics that contribute to observed racial and ethnic differences in the incidence of type-2 diabetes in children, which made lead to innovative, culturally-specific strategies toward prevention and treatment.