PREGNANCY AND EXERCISE: MAIN PROTOCOL

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心，不一定是研究者所在机构。长期目标是检查和了解有助于运动生理学和妊娠生理学之间相互作用的调节因素。年龄在25-40岁之间，体重在50-75公斤之间的妇女，在10-28%的体脂之间并且计划怀孕的女性将被招募用于本研究。运动的女性必须每周至少运动三次，每次至少40分钟，持续一年以上，而对照组的运动频率必须不超过每周一次。妇女将定期进行锻炼，并接受五次监测：怀孕前，怀孕第三，第五，第七和第九个月。在这些时间也将进行人体测量。在怀孕的第五个月、第七个月和第九个月，宝宝的心率将在运动前后进行监测。婴儿的人体测量将在分娩时进行。该方案的三个具体目标是：1）确定与运动和饮食相关的母体体重增加、新生儿脂肪量和出生体重的减少是否是18-20岁后代代谢和心血管功能和风险的特定系统水平指数以及身体组成和健康的改变的标志; 2）确定在整个怀孕期间持续定期的负重运动方案和饮食是否与指数怀孕后18-20年的女性的心血管功能和风险，肌肉骨骼功能或身体成分和健康的特定系统水平指数的变化有关;以及3）确定母亲在怀孕期间的运动量和碳水化合物摄入量是否与出生后前5年的生长、发育和功能差异相关。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The long range goal is to examine and understand the regulatory factors which contribute to the interaction between the physiology of exercise and the physiology of pregnancy. Women who are between the ages of 25-40 years, weigh between 50-75 kg., are between 10-28% body fat and plan to conceive will be recruited for this study. The exercising women must have been exercising for a minimum of three times a week for a minimum of 40 minutes for over one year, and the controls must have been exercising no more frequently than once a week. Women will perform regular exercise and be monitored five times: prior to pregnancy, and during the third, fifth, seventh and ninth month of pregnancy. Anthropometric measurements will also be taken at these times. The baby's heart rate will be monitored before and after exercise during the fifth, seventh and ninth month of pregnancy. Anthropometric measurements of the baby will be done at delivery. The three specific aims of this protocol are 1) to determine if exercise- and diet-associated reductions in maternal weight gain, neonatal fat mass and birth weight are markers for alterations in specific systems level indices of metabolic and cardiovascular function and risk, as well as body composition and fitness, in the offspring at 18-20 years of life; 2) to determine if continuing a regular, weight-bearing exercise regimen throughout pregnancy and diet are associated with alterations in specific systems level indices of cardiovascular function and risk, musculo-skeletal function, or body composition and fitness in women 18-20 years after the index pregnancy; and 3) to determine if maternal exercise volume and carbohydrate intake during pregnancy is associated with differences in post-natal growth, development and function in the first 5 years of life.