MISSISSIPPI COBRE: P4: ID OF REWARDING CONSTITUENTS IN BOTANICAL EXTRACTS

这个子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和调查员(PI)可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可能会出现在其他CRISE条目中。列出的机构是针对中心的，而不一定是针对调查员的机构。各种各样的植物产品随时可供公众购买和消费。虽然这些产品中的许多确实对各种合法的医疗条件具有治疗作用，但也有越来越多的这些不受监管的植物产品被用于娱乐而不是医疗目的。虽然一些天然产品的滥用责任已经有了很好的记录，但许多其他产品没有在控制良好的科学研究中进行过这样的评估。与单一实体药品不同，植物药包含大量不同的化学成分，它们往往协同作用，发挥特定的效果(Tyler，1994)。所使用的提取过程的类型可以对植物产品的药理活性产生显著影响(Murray，1992)。研究植物产品的滥用潜力需要多学科的努力，包括民族植物学、天然产品化学、天然产品提取分析化学、药理学和行为心理学的专业知识。识别哪些植物成分与奖励效应相关的能力需要：提取/分级方法，其产生包含不同水平的个体成分的植物提取物和级分的阵列；能够量化植物产品的奖励特性的体内分析(例如，位置偏好范例)；以及在行为终点(即，预测变量)和植物成分(即，标准变量)之间建立因果关系的回归分析。这项研究项目的总体目标是开发一种标准化的体内生物测定，可用于筛选植物产品，目的是识别在有滥用倾向的植物中具有有益特性的成分。该项目将利用国家天然产品研究中心天然产品科学家的专业知识，为筛选提供所需的植物提取物和级分，并随后鉴定活性成分的化学特征。这些产品的回报属性的量化将使用地点偏好范式进行。多元回归分析将确定这些植物提取物和馏分中的有效成分。这些数据将在一定程度上提供必要的信息，以启动对可能对消费者有害的植物产品的控制和监管。此外，这些测试可能有助于开发这些化合物或其类似物作为治疗剂。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. A wide variety of botanical products are readily available for public purchase and consumption. While many of these products may indeed possess therapeutic effects for various legitimate medical conditions, it is also the case that an increasing number of these unregulated botanical products are consumed for recreational rather than for medical purposes. While the abuse liability of some natural products is well documented, many others have not undergone such evaluation in well-controlled scientific studies. Unlike single entity pharmaceutical products, botanicals contain a large number of diverse chemical constituents that often act synergistically to exert a given effect (Tyler, 1994). The type of extraction process utilized can have dramatic effects on the pharmacological activity of the plant product (Murray, 1992). The study of the abuse potential of botanical products requires a multidisciplinary effort consisting of expertise in ethnobotany, natural product chemistry, natural product extraction analytical chemistry, pharmacology and behavioral psychology. The ability to identify which plant constituents are associated with rewarding effects requires, an extraction/fractionation methodology that yields an array of plant extracts and fractions containing varying levels of individual constituents, an in vivo assay (e.g., place preference paradigm) capable of quantifying the rewarding properties of botanical products and a regression analysis that establishes a causal connection between the behavioral endpoints (i.e., predictor variable) and the plant constituent (i.e., criterion variable). The overall objective of this research project is to develop a standardized in vivo bioassay that can be used to screen botanical products with the goal of identifying constituents that possess rewarding properties in plants with an abuse liability. This project will utilize the expertise of natural product scientists at the National Center for Natural Products Research in providing the needed plant extracts and fractions for screening, and to subsequently identify the chemical identity of the active components. Quantification of the rewarding properties of these products will be done using the place preference paradigm. Multiple regression analyses wili identify active constituents within these plant extracts and fractions. These data will provide, in part, the necessary information to initiate controls and regulation of botanical products that may likely be harmful to consumers. In addition, these tests may help in the development of these compounds or their analogs as therapeutic agents.