Smoking Relapse Among Lung Cancer and Head and Neck Cancer Patients

说明（申请人提供）：吸烟占头颈癌的85%，肺癌的90%。一旦吸烟者被诊断出患有癌症，立即戒烟是有必要的，因为继续吸烟与癌症患者的几种不利健康结果有关，包括：治疗效果降低，患第二原发性癌症的风险增加，生存率降低。由于这些原因，在接受癌症诊断后戒烟的患者比例很高（42-68%）。不幸的是，很少有关于癌症患者能够在多大程度上保持禁欲的信息。关于癌症患者吸烟复吸的研究很少，而且在方法学上有重要的局限性（例如，在干预研究的背景下测量复发率，不经常随访）。大量的癌症患者试图戒烟，提供了一个独特的机会窗口，以提供复发预防干预；然而，到目前为止，还没有开发出任何技术。因此，目前的研究旨在获得开发针对癌症患者的吸烟复发干预所需的知识。测试基于经验和基于理论的复发风险因素（例如，消极影响，动机）以及癌症特定风险因素（例如，疲劳，对癌症复发的恐惧），将有助于制定有针对性的吸烟复发干预措施。该项目的形成性和定量研究结果将用于未来的研究，以适应先前证明有效的复发预防干预措施，以解决癌症患者的独特需求和重要的吸烟复发风险因素。具体目的1：本研究的总体目的是收集肺癌和头颈癌患者吸烟复发的数据，最终目标是为这一人群制定预防复发的干预措施。具体目标2：通过定性研究方法，确定患者对吸烟复发预测因素、干预内容和形式的看法。具体目的3：探讨肺癌和头颈癌患者吸烟复吸的诱发因素及预测因素。在这一人群中保持戒烟的努力可能会对公共卫生产生重大影响，包括改善癌症患者的身体功能、生活质量和生存率。本研究的首要目的是收集肺癌和头颈癌患者吸烟复发的数据，最终目标是为这一人群制定预防复发的干预措施。在这一人群中保持戒烟的努力可能会对公共卫生产生重大影响，包括改善癌症患者的身体功能、生活质量和生存率。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cigarette smoking accounts for 85% of head and neck cancers and 90% of lung cancer cases. Once a smoker has been diagnosed with cancer, immediate smoking cessation is warranted because continued smoking is related to several adverse health outcomes for cancer patients, including: a reduction in treatment efficacy, an increased risk of developing a second primary cancer, and poorer survival. For these reasons, a high proportion of patients will quit smoking after receiving a cancer diagnosis (42-68%). Unfortunately, there is little information regarding the extent to which cancer patients are able to maintain their abstinence. Studies on smoking relapse among cancer patients have been scant and have had important methodological limitations (e.g., measuring rates of relapse in the context of an intervention study, infrequent follow-up). The large number of cancer patients making a quit attempt offers a unique window of opportunity to provide a relapse- prevention intervention; yet, to date, none have been developed. Thus, the current study seeks to acquire the knowledge needed to develop a smoking relapse intervention designed for cancer patients. Testing both empirically-based and theory-based relapse risk factors (e.g., negative affect, motivation), as well as cancer specific risk factors (e.g., fatigue, fear of cancer recurrence), will aid in the development of a targeted smoking relapse intervention. The formative and quantitative findings from this project will be used in a future study to adapt relapse prevention interventions, previously demonstrated efficacious, to address the unique needs and significant smoking relapse risk factors of cancer patients. Specific Aim 1: The overarching aim of this study is to gather data on smoking relapse among lung cancer and head and neck cancer patients, with the ultimate goal of developing a relapse prevention intervention for this population. Specific Aim 2: To identify patient perspectives on predictors of smoking relapse, intervention content, and format, via qualitative research methods. Specific Aim 3: To investigate empirically the precipitating events and predictors of smoking relapse among lung cancer and head and neck cancer patients. Efforts aimed at maintaining tobacco abstinence among this population could have significant public health implications, including improved physical functioning, quality of life, and survival for cancer patients. The overarching aim of this study is to gather data on smoking relapse among lung cancer and head and neck cancer patients, with the ultimate goal of developing a relapse prevention intervention for this population. Efforts aimed at maintaining tobacco abstinence among this population could have significant public health implications, including improved physical functioning, quality of life, and survival for cancer patients.