Deformable mapping of MRI and MRSI data to TRUS images to guide prostate biopsy

描述（由申请人提供）：用于癌症诊断和分期的前列腺活检最常见的程序包括在经直肠超声成像（TRUS）的指导下从直肠引入小尺寸针。在大多数情况下，TRUS很难或根本无法区分前列腺的正常组织和癌组织，因此对于靶向前列腺内有风险的局部区域提供的指导很少。我们的假设是，这一缺点可以通过方法来克服，通过活检前磁共振（MR）和磁共振波谱（MRS）图像建立前列腺内可疑组织体积的患者特异性图谱，到活检期间的TRUS图像，作为准确针头放置的目标。本提案中描述的近期研究涉及使用一种新颖且特别有效的统计可训练变形形状模型（SDSM）（称为m-reps）进行这种映射的试点研究。前列腺活检用于癌症诊断和分期的最常见程序包括在经直肠超声成像（TRUS）的指导下从直肠引入小尺寸针。在大多数情况下，TRUS很难或根本无法区分前列腺的正常组织和癌组织，因此对于靶向前列腺内有风险的局部区域提供的指导很少。所提出的方法将克服这一缺点，通过将可疑组织体积的患者特异性图谱从活检前磁共振（MR）和磁共振波谱（MRS）图像映射到活检期间的TRUS图像，作为准确针头放置的目标。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The most common procedure for prostate biopsy for cancer diagnosis and staging involves the introduction of small-gauge needles from the rectum under the guidance of trans-rectal ultrasound imaging (TRUS). In most cases TRUS differentiates poorly or not at all between normal tissue and cancer in the prostate and therefore provides minimal guidance for targeting localized regions at risk within the prostate. Our hypothesis is that this shortcoming can be overcome by methodology to deformably map a patient-specific atlas of suspicious tissue volumes within the prostate, built from pre-biopsy magnetic resonance (MR) and magnetic resonance spectroscopic (MRS) images, to TRUS images during biopsy to serve as targets for accurate needle placement. The near-term research described in this proposal involves pilot studies using a novel and especially effective class of statistically trainable deformable-shape model (SDSM) called m-reps to perform this mapping. The most common procedure for prostate biopsy for cancer diagnosis and staging involves the introduction of small-gauge needles from the rectum under the guidance of trans-rectal ultrasound imaging (TRUS). In most cases TRUS differentiates poorly or not at all between normal tissue and cancer in the prostate and therefore provides minimal guidance for targeting localized regions at risk within the prostate. The proposed methodology will overcome this shortcoming by mapping a patient-specific atlas of suspicious tissue volumes from pre-biopsy magnetic resonance (MR) and magnetic resonance spectroscopic (MRS) images to TRUS images during biopsy to serve as targets for accurate needle placement.