The Development of Cardiovascular & Pulmonary Function

描述（由申请人提供）： 这是一个培训计划的竞争性更新，旨在通过为他们提供必要的技能来进行与心血管和肺功能的发展相关的合作研究，为具有发育医学先前培训的高素质人员准备调查职业。自29年前成立以来，该计划提供了深入的研究经验，旨在通过学员与生物医学科学领域的研究人员直接联系来教授科学调查的基础知识。学员花2-3年时间参加研究经验的所有活动，并在培训教员的直接监督下，对项目承担主要责任。培训教师是耶鲁医学院许多临床和基础科学部门的成员，包括儿科学，病理学，遗传学，细胞和分子生理学，内科学和免疫生物学。除了集中和激烈的研究经验，该计划有一个核心课程，旨在提供实验设计/分析（基础和临床研究），数据展示，生物统计学，赠款准备和道德科学行为的基本技能。大多数学员都是从耶鲁大学和其他机构的大量竞争激烈的医生中挑选出来的，他们接受过儿科培训，并希望在生物医学研究方面打下坚实的基础，以便成为独立的研究人员。虽然该计划强调对模范医生的研究培训，但强烈鼓励寻求心肺研究博士后培训的博士申请，并在最近的资助期内得到支持。由于大多数医生受训者需要临床和研究培训，主要支持这一培训补助金的三个临床部门已获得单独的（非NIH）资金，以支持必要的高级临床培训。因此，这项培训补助金所支持的努力专门用于获得研究技能。此外，项目主任和培训教师认为，这一补助金作为一种工具，以启动职业发展的合作生物医学调查，而不是作为一种机制，以充分完成学员的研究培训。因此，鼓励受训人员申请校外支助，以扩大其研究培训，他们在获得这种支助方面相当成功。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a competing renewal of a training program designed to prepare highly qualified individuals with prior training in developmental medicine for an investigative career by providing them the necessary skills to conduct collaborative research related to the Development of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Function. Since its inception 29 years ago, the program has provided an in-depth research experience intended to teach the fundamentals of scientific investigation by the direct association of trainees with established investigators in a number of areas of biomedical science. Trainees spend 2-3 years participating in all activities of a research experience, and under the direct supervision of a training faculty member, take primary responsibility for a project. Training faculty are members of many clinical and basic science departments in the Yale School of Medicine, including Pediatrics, Pathology, Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Internal Medicine and Immunobiology. In addition to a focused and intense research experience, the program has a core curriculum designed to provide basic skills in experimental design/analysis (for both basic and clinical research), data presentation, biostatistics, grant preparation and ethical scientific conduct. Most trainees are selected from a large, highly competitive pool of physicians from Yale and other institutions who are trained in pediatrics and desire a strong foundation in biomedical research in order to become independent investigators. While the program has emphasized research training for exemplary physicians, Ph.Ds seeking postdoctoral training in cardiopulmonary research are strongly encouraged to apply and have been supported in recent funding periods. Because most of the physician trainees need clinical as well as research training, the three clinical sections that primarily support this training grant have secured separate (non-NIH) funding to support the necessary advanced clinical training. Thus, the effort supported by this training grant is devoted to the acquisition of research skills. Additionally, the program director and training faculty view this grant as a vehicle to initiate career development in collaborative biomedical investigation and not as a mechanism to fully complete an trainee's research training. Thus trainees are encouraged to apply for extramural support to extend their research training, and they have been quite successful in obtaining such support.