Novel Approach for Fast and Economic Manufacturing of Human Antibodies

描述(由申请人提供)：越来越多的潜在的本地和工程生物制剂有效地限制了通过接种疫苗主动保护公共卫生。另一种方法依赖于使用相应的保护性抗体，这些抗体是预先制成的，并在反应性而不是主动性模式下用作注射药物。然而，由于注射非人类抗体会引发不良反应，这一方法的实施变得复杂起来。到目前为止，确保足够数量的人类抗体是一项具有挑战性的任务。此外，产生抗体的传统方法依赖于相应疫苗的存在，不能用于针对新出现的感染的保护剂的权宜之计。为了克服这些障碍，我们建议开发一种新的系统来组装和生产人/人嵌合抗体。这种抗体的产生成本只有多克隆抗体的一小部分，而且比传统的单克隆抗体所需的时间要短得多，同时仍具有人类的性质。总的来说，我们的系统使用起来要比杂交瘤技术安全得多。此外，在出现新的威胁剂的最初迹象时，它可用于开发保护性实体。 第一阶段的工作将通过开发识别A型肉毒神经毒素的人/人嵌合体来测试我们方法的可行性。为了组装这种嵌合体，我们将引入一种专利克隆方案，它可以降低修改本地抗原识别序列的风险，并大大简化免疫球蛋白编码序列的组装过程。这将使该系统适用于高吞吐量的格式应用。在克隆载体中加入调控元件将能够快速检测产生目的抗体的细胞并选择用于工业生产的宿主细胞，从而提高过程的效率并降低最终产品的价格。在第二阶段，开发的克隆方法和表达载体将用于产生嵌合抗体的IgG变体，这种抗体将能够中和A型和B型肉毒神经毒素的毒性作用，并将适合用作抗肉毒药物。开发的使能技术将适用于产生针对其他生物制剂的保护性抗体。 与公共卫生相关：目前的项目将为人类抗病原体抗体的开发提供一种新的方法，并为被动疫苗接种开辟新的机会，作为保护人类免受传染病和毒素侵害的一种方式。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A growing number of potential native and engineered biothreat agents effectively limit the proactive protection of public health through vaccination. An alternative approach relies on the use of corresponding protective antibodies that are pre-made and are used as injectable drugs in reactive rather than proactive mode. The implementation of this approach, however, is complicated by the fact that administration of non-human antibodies can trigger development of adverse reactions. Securing of human antibodies in sufficient quantities so far has been a challenging task. Also, the traditional approach of producing antibodies depends on the existence of corresponding vaccines and cannot be used for expedient development of protective agents against newly emerging infections. To overcome these hurdles we propose to develop a novel system for assembly and production of human/human chimeric antibodies. Such antibodies can be generated at a fraction of the cost of raising polyclonal antibodies and in substantially shorter times than traditional monoclonal antibodies while still remaining human in nature. In general, our system will be much safer to operate with than hybridoma technology. In addition, it can be used for development of protective entities at the first signs of emergence of new threat agents. Phase I efforts will test the feasibility of our approach by developing human/human chimeras that will recognize botulinum neurotoxin serotype A. To assemble such chimeras, we will introduce a proprietary cloning scheme that reduces the risk of modifying native antigen-recognizing sequences and substantially simplifies the process of assembly of immunoglobulin-encoding sequences. This will make the system suitable for high-throughput format applications. Regulatory elements incorporated into cloning vectors will enable rapid detection of cells producing antibodies of interest and selection of host cells for industrial production, thus increasing the efficiency of the process and decreasing price of the final product. During Phase II, the developed cloning approach and expression vectors will be used to generate IgG variants of chimeric antibodies that will be able to neutralize toxic effects of botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A and B and will be suitable for use as anti-botulinum drugs. The developed enabling technology will be suitable for generating protective antibodies against other biothreat agents. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The current project will provide a new way for development of human anti-pathogen antibodies and opens new opportunities for passive vaccination as a way of protecting humans against infectious diseases and toxins.