Developing a Workplace Laboratory for Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity

描述（由申请人提供）：这是NIH探索性/发展性研究资助（R21）的重新提交，旨在开发一种新的实验室范式，以研究注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）如何影响工作场所的表现。这一范式在理论上是基于美国劳工部长实现必要技能委员会（SCANS）定义的成功工作场所绩效所必需的组件。我们的目标是验证工作场所模拟，以评估ADHD成人缺陷的病因，因为它们影响工作场所。在成年后，ADHD患者比没有这种疾病的人有更高的职业功能障碍风险。纵向研究证明，这种疾病的核心症状会导致ADHD患者更频繁地更换工作，同时从事多项工作，并且对工作的满意度较低。此外，最近的一项研究表明，ADHD患者的平均家庭收入损失从8，900美元到15，400美元不等。然而，几乎没有信息系统地记录ADHD成年人在工作场所的功能缺陷的性质。我们已经制定了一个实验室协议，以衡量SCANS确定的工作场所成功的每一项任务和技能。受试者将花一整天时间执行工作场所任务，这些任务将包括以下创新特征：1）结构化和非结构化活动; 2）自我报告和观察者评级; 3）工作场所功能的外部验证;以及5）ADHD核心特征（注意力不集中，冲动和多动）的特定代理任务。目前的建议是测试一个实验室工作场所，该工作场所将系统地记录ADHD成年人在工作场所的功能缺陷的性质。该项目将通过开发一种创新的新评估工具，用于评估ADHD干预策略对工作场所表现的影响，为未来的大规模研究奠定基础。马萨诸塞州总医院的儿科精神病学和成人ADHD临床和研究计划提供了大量ADHD患者，研究成功的强大历史和国家认可的专家，他们将担任PI和教师。这项提案是我们研究小组在整个生命周期中专注于ADHD的数十年开创性研究的计划性延伸。公共卫生相关性：为患有ADHD的成年人开发工作场所实验室是一个重要的公共卫生目标，因为这一人群的职业失败和经济负担的患病率很高。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a re-submission for an NIH Exploratory/Developmental Research Grant (R21) aimed at the development of a novel laboratory paradigm to examine how Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) impacts workplace performance. This paradigm is theoretically grounded in the components necessary for successful workplace performance defined by U.S. Secretary of Labor's Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills (SCANS). It is our goal to validate a workplace simulation in order to assess the etiology of the deficiencies of adults with ADHD as they affect the workplace. In adult years, people with ADHD are at higher risk than those without the disorder for occupational dysfunction. Longitudinal studies document that core symptoms of the disorder cause persons with ADHD to change jobs more frequently, hold multiple jobs concurrently, and experience less satisfaction on the job. Additionally, a recent study has shown that the average loss of household income per person with ADHD ranged from $8,900 to $15,400. Yet, there is almost no information systematically documenting the nature of the functional deficits in adults with ADHD in the workplace. We have developed a laboratory protocol that measures each of the tasks and skills identified by SCANS for workplace success. Subjects will spend a full day performing workplace tasks that will include the following innovative features: 1) structured and unstructured activities; 2) self report and observer rating; 3) external validations of workplace functioning; and 5) specific proxy tasks for core features of ADHD (inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. The current proposal is to test a laboratory workplace that will systematically document the nature of the functional deficits in adults with ADHD in the workplace. This project will lay a foundation for future large-scale studies by developing an innovative new assessment tool to be used in assessing the impact of intervention strategies for ADHD on workplace performance. The Clinical and Research Programs in Pediatric Psychiatry and Adult ADHD at Massachusetts General Hospital provides access to large numbers of patients with ADHD, a strong history of research success and nationally recognized experts who will serve as the PI and faculty. This proposal is a programmatic extension of the decades of groundbreaking research focused on ADHD throughout the lifespan by our research group. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Developing a workplace laboratory for adults with ADHD is an important public health goal due to the high prevalence of occupational failure and economic burden of this population.