Understanding user innovation - Unanticipated applications of existing ITS

现代生活方式和旅行方式日益渗透并得到信息技术(IT)的支持。同样地，我们的运输系统亦愈来愈依赖资讯科技来管理系统的容量和所面对的需求。它是解决当前和未来需要、愿望和问题的机会的促进者。智能交通系统(ITS)领域传统上寻求通过由商业主导(例如卫星导航系统)或政府主导的创新来实现此类机会，商业公司通过招标过程实现符合ITS规范的系统(例如用于公共汽车服务的实时信息系统)。这一提议源于这样一种观点，即可能存在另一个重要但在很大程度上被忽视的创新来源--特别是当用户(个人、组织和企业)正在构思以创新的方式使用现有形式的IT及其应用时，其背景与其提供商预期的不同。越来越多地，提供信息服务的生产者/消费者模式正在让位于由用户产生内容和服务的网络模式。通过尝试研究和发现“用户创新”，有望发现、开发和利用现有技术和服务的新机会，以应对交通系统和用户面临的挑战。该项目将开发和应用“智能交通系统观察站”/一种混合方法来寻找和检查交通系统用户所表现出的创造性行为。与资讯科技有关的社会心理学和人为因素的研究专门知识，将与业界在数据和信息生成、操作和可视化方面的专业知识相结合，以支持信息服务的进步。天文台公布的用户创新的目录将成为确定未来商业创新和开发途径的基础。然后，将在该项目中探索选定的路径。

Modern lifestyles and patterns of travel are increasingly permeated and supported by information technologies (IT). Our transport systems are similarly dependent increasingly upon IT to manage system capacity and the demands placed upon it. IT is the facilitator of opportunities to address present and future needs, desires and problems. The field of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) has traditionally looked to realise such opportunities through innovation that is commercially led (e.g. Satellite Navigation systems) or government led with commercial companies implementing systems to its specification through a tendering process (e.g. real-time information systems for bus services). This proposal stems from the contention that there may be another significant, but largely over-looked, source of innovation - specifically where users (people, organisations and businesses) are conceiving of uses of existing forms of IT and ITS in innovative ways and different contexts than those anticipated by their providers. Increasingly the producer/consumer model of the delivery of information services is giving way to a network mode where content and services are generated by users. By attempting to study and discover 'user innovations' there is the prospect of being able to identify, develop and exploit new opportunities for existing technologies and services to address challenges facing transport systems and users.This project will develop and apply an 'ITS Observatory' / a mixed method approach to looking for and examining creative behaviours being exhibited by transport system users. Research expertise in social psychology and human factors relating to IT will be combined with industry expertise in data and information generation, manipulation and visualisation to support advances in information services. The cataloguing of user innovations exposed by the Observatory will form the basis for identifying prospective pathways to commercial innovation and exploitation. Selected pathways will then be pursued within the project.