Applied Visual Peformance Tests

描述（由申请人提供）：我们的目标是调查临床实用的视觉功能测试的应用，以了解老年人的视觉功能和视觉任务表现之间的关系;识别和监测视力丧失的风险;并提出优化任务表现的潜在干预措施。在我们迄今为止的工作中（在史密斯-凯特尔韦尔研究所或“SKI”研究中），我们收集了有史以来最完整的关于视觉功能随年龄变化及其与任务表现关系的描述，揭示了“真实的世界”视觉功能测量的重要性的新证据，这些测量超出了标准的高对比度敏锐度。我们现在将更仔细地研究三个主要发现。首先，我们将继续我们的发现，即低对比度视力措施是高度预测未来的视力丧失的个人具有良好的高对比度敏锐度。这一发现，其深远的影响，将密切审查的纵向研究，包括全面的眼科检查，除了我们的综合视力测试电池。其次，我们将探讨我们的发现的含义，即阅读率随着年龄的增长而下降，即使是在具有良好敏锐度的个体中。我们将探讨非敏锐度和非视觉因素在阅读表现，以提高我们的理解他们的贡献。第三，我们将探讨如何利用与亮度和双眼相关的任务表现的研究结果来改善轻度至中度视觉障碍的老年人的阅读和面部识别表现。在此过程中，我们将为我们的纵向研究收集另外两轮数据，然后将在15年内包括五个测试点，显著增加其价值和预测性。 动力.

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Our goal is to investigate the application of clinically-practical vision function tests to understanding the relationships between vision function and visual task performance among elders; identifying and monitoring those at risk for vision loss; and suggesting potential interventions for optimizing task performance. In our work to date (in the Smith-Kettlewell Institute or "SKI" Study), we have collected the most complete description ever of changes in vision function with age and their relation to task performance, uncovering new evidence for the importance of "real world" vision function measures that go beyond standard high contrast acuity. We will now examine three major findings more closely. First, we will pursue our discovery that low contrast vision measures are highly predictive of future vision loss in individuals with good high contrast acuity. This finding, with its far-reaching implications, will be closely examined in a longitudinal study incorporating full ophthalmological examinations in addition to our comprehensive vision test battery. Second, we will explore the implications of our discovery that reading rates decline with age even in individuals with good acuity. We will examine the non-acuity and non visual factors in reading performance to improve our understanding of their contributions. Thirdly, we will explore ways in which findings about task performance relating to luminance and binocularity can be exploited to improve reading and face recognition performance among elders with mild to moderate visual impairments. In the process, we will gather two more rounds of data for our longitudinal study, which will then encompass five test points over 15 years, significantly increasing its value and predictive power.