Etiology of Childhood Obesity: A Longitudinal Study

描述(申请人提供)：儿童肥胖病因学(ECHO)研究的目的是使用社会生态学的方法来研究儿童肥胖的病因，考虑到个人、家庭、学校和邻里层面上可能的风险和保护因素。青春期肥胖与成年后心血管风险增加有关。大约60%的超重青年有一种心血管疾病危险因素，另有25%的人有不止一种危险因素。我们将招募400名10岁至13岁的青少年及其亲生父母之一，进行测量并跟踪他们两年。我们的招募目标将包括那些有超重风险或超重的年轻人(根据疾病控制与预防中心的增长曲线，达到或超过体重指数的第85个百分位数)，以及那些在推荐体重范围内并将按邮政编码过多抽样的年轻人，以确保经济和种族/民族多样性。关于青少年的个人措施将包括空腹血糖、血脂、人体测量、血压、社会心理、偏好和社会经济地位、与体重有关的家族史(包括儿童出生体重)、早期喂养(例如母乳喂养、肥胖和肥胖相关慢性病的家族病史)、家庭用餐和活动模式，以及家庭食物和活动环境。我们将测量这位年轻人的亲生父母的身高、体重、腰围和臀围。我们会为每名参与研究的青少年收集有关学校环境的数据，包括体育活动的机会、学校食堂和全校可供选择的食物，以及学校食物和活动政策。将使用地理信息系统(GIS)方法获得社区层面的衡量标准，以评估导致肥胖的环境因素，如每个年轻人的家和学校附近是否有步行和自行车道、便利店和快餐店。这项研究及时而重要，因为它将：1)在社会生态理论框架的指导下，确定环境中多个层面的肥胖因素；2)包括来自大型城市社区的不同青年样本；3)关注可改变的风险和保护因素，并使用最新的科学方法来衡量它们；4)由经验丰富的多学科研究团队指导；5)为多层面干预措施预防儿童肥胖提供必要的信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of the Etiology of Childhood Obesity (ECHO) study is to examine the etiology of childhood obesity using a socio-ecological approach considering possible risk and protective factors at individual, family, school, and neighborhood levels. Obesity in adolescence is related to increased cardiovascular risk in adulthood. Approximately 60% of overweight youth have one CVD risk factor and another 25% have more than one risk factor. We will recruit 400 youth between the ages of 10 and 13 and one of their biological parents, conduct measurements and follow them for two years. We will target our recruitment to include youth who are at risk for, or who are overweight (at or above the 85th percentile of BMI using the CDC growth curves) and those who are in the recommended weight range and will over sample by zip code to ensure economic and racial/ethnic diversity. Individual measures on youth will include fasting blood glucose, blood lipids, anthropometry, blood pressure, and psychosocial, preference and socioeconomic status, family history related to weight including child's birth weight, early feeding (practices such as breast-feeding, family history of obesity and obesity-related chronic disease), family meal and activity patterns, and the home food and activity environments. We will measure the height, weight, waist and hip circumference of both of the youth's biological parents. For each youth in the study, we will collect data on their school environment including opportunities for physical activity, food options available in the school cafeteria and throughout the school, and school food and activity policies. Neighborhood level measures will be obtained using Geographical Information System (GIS) methodologies to assess obesogenic environmental factors such as the presence of walking and bike paths, convenience stores and fast food restaurants proximal to each youth's home and school. This research is timely and important because it will: 1) identify obesogenic factors at multiple levels of the environment guided by a social-ecological theoretical framework; 2) include a diverse sample of youth from a large, urban community; 3)'focus on modifiable risk and protective factors and use state of the science methods to measure them; 4) be directed by an experienced and multidisciplinary team of investigators; and 5) provide essential information for multi-level interventions to prevent childhood obesity.