Novel Polymer Coatings to Prevent Biofilms on Urinary Stents and Catheters

描述(由申请人提供)： 项目摘要/摘要 防止尿路支架和导尿管生物被膜的新型聚合物涂层 几乎所有留置尿路支架或导尿管的患者都会经历细菌感染和结痂问题。对于支架来说，这些问题是如此普遍和严重，以至于至少每六个月更换一次支架。考虑到每年约有1亿个导尿管和尿路支架被放置在患者体内，每年发生数百万与设备相关的感染。在这些尿路器械表面形成的生物膜是大多数感染和结痂的来源，因为病原菌在生物膜创造的保护环境中茁壮成长。当尿液中的可溶性蛋白质和其他大分子非特异性地吸附到设备表面时，生物膜的形成在植入后的几分钟内开始。这些大分子为病原菌提供了一个锚，然后病原菌招募其他细菌。最终，一个由多种致病细菌组成的菌落在分泌的胞外聚合物的“粘液层”的保护下发展起来。 已经进行了许多尝试来对抗泌尿外科设备上的细菌感染和生物膜形成，并取得了不同的成功。拟议的第一阶段研究是一种防止尿路支架和导尿管上形成生物膜的新方法，该方法利用海洋贻贝分泌的黏附蛋白的关键成分将自己拴在水下表面。这种持久、经济高效的方法是非渗漏的(即不释放任何杀生剂或抗生素)、生物相容性、工艺简单，并且易于应用于尿路装置表面。 这项研究的主要目标是确定(1)化学合成耐用和持久的新型防污聚合物的可行性，(2)修改尿路器械的表面，以及(3)防止在静态和动态条件下形成生物膜。在这项第一阶段的研究中，我们将建立上述聚合物将吸附并随后抑制细菌附着和结垢的原理证明，这些材料用于制造尿路装置。 项目叙事 防止尿路支架和导尿管生物被膜的新型聚合物涂层 导尿管和支架可以是救命的医疗设备，但设备上生长的细菌生物膜可能会导致危险的感染。目前预防生物被膜的方法昂贵，往往无效，而且可能会增加抗生素耐药性。我们建议的涂层技术将在不使用抗生素或杀菌剂的情况下，潜在地可靠且廉价地阻止生物膜的形成。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary/Abstract Novel Polymer Coatings to Prevent Biofilms on Urinary Stents and Catheters Nearly all patients with indwelling urinary stents or catheters experience bacterial infections and problems with encrustation. For stents, these problems are so common and so severe that stents are replaced at least every six months. Considering that about 100 million urethral catheters and urinary stents are placed in patients each year, millions of device-associated infections occur annually. Biofilms formed on the surface of these urinary devices are the source of most infections and encrustations, because pathogenic bacteria thrive within the protective environment biofilms create. Biofilm formation starts within minutes of implantation when soluble proteins and other macromolecules from the urine non-specifically adsorb to the device surface. These macromolecules provide an anchor for pathogenic bacteria, which then recruit other bacteria. Eventually a colony of multiple pathogenic bacteria, protected by a "slime layer" of secreted exopolymers, develops. Many attempts have been made to combat bacterial infection and biofilm formation on urological devices, and have met with varied success. The proposed Phase I research is a new approach to prevent biofilm formation on urinary stents and catheters which exploits key components of the adhesive proteins that marine mussels secrete to tether themselves to underwater surfaces. This long-lasting, cost-effective approach is non-leaching (i.e. does not release any biocides or antibiotics), biocompatible, simple to process, and easy to apply to urinary device surfaces. The primary objectives of this research are to establish the feasibility of (1) chemically synthesizing new antifouling polymers that are durable and long-lasting, (2) modifying the surfaces of urinary devices, and (3) preventing biofilm formation under static and dynamic conditions. In this Phase I study, we will establish the proof of principle that the polymers described above will adsorb to and then inhibit bacterial attachment and encrustation on the types of materials used to manufacture urinary devices. Project Narrative Novel Polymer Coatings to Prevent Biofilms on Urinary Stents and Catheters Urinary catheters and stents can be life-saving medical devices, but bacterial biofilm growth on the device can cause dangerous infections. Current methods to prevent biofilms are expensive, often ineffective, and can promote antibiotic resistance. Our proposed coating technology will, without antibiotics or biocides, potentially block biofilm formation reliably and inexpensively.