Macromolecular Diffraction Resource: MacCHESS

描述(由申请人提供)：MacCHESS是一家用于大分子结晶学的同步辐射研究资源，其总体目标是通过创新的技术研究和开发以及用户支持来推进结构生物学的前沿。MacCHESS利用国家科学基金会对康奈尔高能同步加速器源(CHESS)和基本粒子物理实验室(LEPP)的投资，CHESS负责维护同步辐射实验室，LEPP负责运营存储环。MacCHESS的技术开发是由涉及广泛大分子的核心和协作研究项目推动的。除了进行技术研发和核心研究外，MacCHESS还提供用于大分子结晶学的专业仪器和一支用户培训和支持人员。MacCHESS已成为世界上最具生产力的大分子结晶学设施之一，在过去四年中发表了近400篇论文，这是MacCHESS相关技术研究和开发、核心和协作研究和服务的结果。其中超过23篇论文发表在能见度较高的期刊《科学》、《自然》和《细胞》上。用A-1、F-1和F-2三个棋台进行大分子结晶学实验。在接下来的五年里，MacCHESS的技术研发将集中在(1)微晶学，(2)压力冷却和相关程序，(3)SAXS和包络相位，(4)自动化和高通量，以及(5)长波结晶学的新站。每一项技术研发工作都是由合作研究人员提出的挑战性问题推动的，他们研究目前对医学和生物学非常感兴趣的分子和复合体的原子结构，包括膜蛋白质、信号蛋白质复合体、核酸/蛋白质复合体、蛋白质药物相互作用和病毒。由以下因素导致的技术发展 MacCHESS研究向科学界免费提供，并通过会议、研讨会、出版物、网络分发和与其他同步加速器来源的合作进行传播。

DESCRIPTION (provided by the applicant): MacCHESS, a synchrotron radiation Research Resource for macromolecular crystallography, has the overall goal of advancing the frontiers of structural biology through innovative technical research and development and user support. MacCHESS leverages the National Science Foundation investments in the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), which maintains the synchrotron radiation laboratory, and the Laboratory for Elementary Particle Physics (LEPP), which operates the storage ring. MacCHESS technical developments are driven by both core and collaborative research projects involving a broad range of macromolecules. In addition to performing technical R&D and core research, MacCHESS provides specialized instrumentation for macromolecular crystallography and a staff for user training and support. MacCHESS has established itself as one of the most productive facilities in the world for macromolecular crystallography with almost 400 papers published during the past four years as a result of MacCHESS related technical research and development, core and collaborative research and service. More than 23 of these papers were published in the high visibility journals, Science, Nature, and Cell. Three CHESS stations, A-1, F-1 and F-2, are used for macromolecular crystallography experiments. During the next five years, MacCHESS technical R&D will focus on (1) microcrystallography, (2) pressure crycooling and related procedures, (3) SAXS and envelope phasing, (4) automation and high-throughput, and (5) a new station for long wavelength crystallography. Each of these technical R&D efforts is driven by the challenging problems presented by collaborating investigators who study the atomic structure of molecules and complexes of great current interest to medicine and biology, including membrane proteins, signaling protein complexes, nucleic acid/protein complexes, protein drug interactions and viruses. Technical developments resulting from MacCHESS research are freely available to the scientific community and disseminated through meetings, workshops, publications, web distributions and collaborations with other synchrotron sources.