Enabling Population-Scale Physical Activity Measurement on Common Mobile Phones

描述（由申请人提供）： 该U01项目的主要目的是硬件和软件技术的技术开发、部署和评估，这些技术将使使用普通移动的手机对身体活动进行人口规模的纵向测量成为可能。亚洲的移动的手机已经包括内部加速计和低功耗无线通信功能，美国也将很快推出。本研究将探讨如何使用这些计算设备来准确测量身体活动的类型，强度和回合持续时间。通过利用消费者在许多美国人购买、维护和携带的手机上的支出，有可能进行大规模的研究，以负担得起的成本对数十万参与者的身体活动进行测量和远程监测，持续数月或数年。麻省理工学院设计的无线加速度计将被重新设计，以便它们能够将数据发送到2011年上市的普通移动的手机上。使用当前版本的传感器的实验室测试将用于比较相对信息增益，该相对信息增益可以通过将电话加速度计数据与通过在不同的方便身体位置（例如，在手表或包中、在鞋上、在臀部等）。将确定加速度计的最佳但实用的配置，使得在移动的电话上运行的软件可以自动检测特定的身体活动，例如快走、跑步、骑自行车、爬楼梯、扫地、运动等。将由传感器和软件设计解决的技术挑战包括：（1）获得实用的电池寿命，（2）以高时间分辨率获取身体活动数据，（3）实现检测算法的个人特定定制，（4）解决关于人机工程学、舒适度和社会可接受性的实际终端用户关注，（5）允许对具有数十万电话用户的研究进行实时且低成本的远程监控和维护，以及（4）使得能够使用其他现成的传感器设备，例如心率监控器，当它们变得可用时。一个参与式的设计过程将被用来制定战略，从典型的电话用户获得纵向遵守。经过两轮迭代的技术开发，每一轮都在斯坦福大学进行实验室验证，该技术将在50个典型的电话用户中部署10个月。将测量相对于自我报告、可接受性和纵向依从性的有效性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary aim of this U01 project is the technical development, deployment, and evaluation of hardware and software technology that will enable population-scale, longitudinal measurement of physical activity using common mobile phones. Mobile phones available in Asia and soon in the U.S. already include internal accelerometers and low-power wireless communication capabilities. This study will investigate how to use these computing devices for accurate measurement of physical activity type, intensity and bout duration. By exploiting consumer expenditures on phones that many Americans will purchase, maintain, and carry, it may be possible to run large-scale studies where the physical activity of hundreds of thousands of participants is measured and remotely monitored for months or years at an affordable cost. Wireless accelerometers designed at MIT will be redesigned so that they can send data to common mobile phones available in 2011. Laboratory testing using the current version of the sensors will be used to compare the relative information gain that can be obtained by combining the phone accelerometer data and data obtained by wearing one or more wireless sensors on different convenient body locations (e.g., in a watch or bag, on a shoe, at the hip, etc.). Optimal but practical configurations of accelerometers will be determined so that software running on the mobile phone can automatically detect specific physical activities such as brisk walking, running, cycling, climbing stairs, sweeping, playing sports, etc. Technical challenges that will be addressed by the sensor and software design include, (1) obtaining practical battery life, (2) acquiring physical activity data at high temporal resolution, (3) enabling person-specific customization of the detection algorithms, (4) addressing practical end-user concerns about ergonomics, comfort, and social acceptability, (5) permitting real-time and low-cost remote monitoring and maintenance for studies with hundreds of thousands of phone users, and (4) enabling use of other off-the-shelf sensor devices, such as heart rate monitors, as they become available. A participatory design process will be employed to develop strategies for obtaining longitudinal compliance from typical phone users. After two rounds of iterative technical development, each with laboratory validation conducted at Stanford, the technology will be deployed with 50 typical phone users for 10 months. Validity relative to self report, acceptability, and longitudinal compliance will be measured.