Language and Executive Function in Parkinson's Disease: Effects of dual task and

描述(由申请人提供)：近80%的帕金森氏症患者会出现认知障碍，语言障碍的发生率也会增加。帕金森病患者的这些认知和语言缺陷严重影响了交际效果和生活质量，并限制了日常生活中许多工具性活动的成功进行。不幸的是，目前对帕金森病的药物和手术干预未能可靠地改善认知功能，甚至可能产生有害的认知副作用。语言问题通常被帕金森氏症中更突出的运动症状所掩盖，而且很少得到治疗。因此，目前还没有积极的治疗方法来改善帕金森病患者的认知或语言障碍。为了解决这些问题，拟议的探索性研究调查了有氧运动对特发性帕金森病患者认知和语言表现的影响。由于日常生活活动通常需要同时执行多项任务的能力，我们将测试有氧运动在单任务和双任务条件下作为对认知和语言的干预的有效性。我们的一般假设是，有氧运动增强了神经可塑性，特别是在额叶，因此，将增强有氧运动组的认知和语言产生的行为测量。假设将在两个特定的目标下进行检验：1)确定有氧运动是否改善特发性帕金森病患者的认知表现；2)确定有氧运动是否影响特发性帕金森病患者的语言生成。48名帕金森病患者将被招募并随机分为三组：有氧运动、拉伸干预或非接触性对照。这一创新的方法将使我们能够控制PD组的学习和社交影响，确定有氧运动干预是否对改善PD患者的认知和/或语言障碍有效，并比较有氧运动和普遍推荐的伸展运动计划对PD患者认知和语言的影响的相对程度。此外，它将使我们能够通过评估在单任务和双任务条件下的表现来确定有氧运动对帕金森病患者认知和语言影响的稳健性。这一探索性项目的发现可能会极大地推动帕金森病治疗方法的开发，因为他们探索了一种对认知和语言障碍的无药物干预，这可能会对患者的福祉产生普遍影响。 公共卫生相关性：帕金森氏症不仅损害运动功能，还损害认知和语言能力。本研究使用单任务和双任务实验范式，评估有氧运动相对于拉伸运动和不运动对帕金森病患者认知表现和语言产生的影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Nearly 80% of individuals with PD develop cognitive impairment and suffer increasing incidence of language dysfunction. These cognitive and language deficits in PD seriously compromise communicative effectiveness and quality of life, and limit the successful performance of many instrumental activities of daily living. Unfortunately, the current pharmacological and surgical interventions for PD fail to reliably improve cognition and may even create deleterious cognitive side effects. Language problems are usually overshadowed by the more prominent motor symptoms in PD and are rarely treated. As a result, no active treatments exist for improving either cognitive or language impairments in PD. To address these issues, the proposed exploratory study investigates the impact of aerobic exercise on cognitive and language performance in individuals with idiopathic PD. Because activities of daily life often require the ability to perform multiple tasks simultaneously, we will test the efficacy of aerobic exercise as an intervention for cognition and language in both single and dual task conditions. Our general hypothesis is that aerobic exercise potentiates neuroplasticity, particularly in the frontal lobes and, thus, will enhance behavioral measures of cognition and language production in the aerobic exercise group. Hypotheses will be tested under two specific aims: 1) Determine whether aerobic exercise improves cognitive performance in idiopathic PD, and 2) Determine whether aerobic exercise impacts language production in idiopathic PD. Forty-eight individuals with PD will be recruited and randomized into one of three groups: aerobic exercise, stretch intervention, or non-contact control. This innovative approach will allow us to control for learning and social contact effects in the PD group, determine whether the aerobic exercise intervention is efficacious for improving cognition and/or language deficits in PD, and compare the relative magnitude of the effects of aerobic exercise and a commonly-recommended stretch exercise program on cognition and language in PD. Furthermore, it will allow us to determine the robustness of the effects of aerobic exercise on cognition and language in PD by evaluating performance under single and dual task conditions. The findings from this exploratory project may substantially advance the development of treatments for PD, because they explore a drug-free intervention for cognitive and language impairment that can potentially have pervasive effects on patient well-being. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Parkinson's disease impairs not only motor function but cognitive and language abilities. This study evaluates the impact of aerobic exercise, relative to stretch exercise and no exercise, on cognitive performance and language production In Parkinson's disease using both single and dual task experimental paradigms.