Language and Executive Function in Parkinson's Disease: Effects of dual task and

描述（由申请人提供）：近80%的PD患者出现认知障碍，语言功能障碍的发生率增加。PD患者的这些认知和语言缺陷严重损害了交际效果和生活质量，并限制了许多工具性日常生活活动的成功进行。不幸的是，目前对PD的药理学和手术干预未能可靠地改善认知，甚至可能产生有害的认知副作用。语言问题通常被PD中更突出的运动症状所掩盖，并且很少得到治疗。因此，没有积极的治疗方法可以改善PD中的认知或语言障碍。为了解决这些问题，拟议的探索性研究调查了有氧运动对特发性PD患者认知和语言表现的影响。由于日常生活活动通常需要同时执行多项任务的能力，因此我们将测试有氧运动在单任务和双任务条件下作为认知和语言干预的有效性。 我们的一般假设是，有氧运动增强神经可塑性，特别是在额叶，因此，将提高有氧运动组的认知和语言生产的行为措施。将在两个特定目标下检验假设：1）确定有氧运动是否改善特发性PD的认知表现，以及2）确定有氧运动是否影响特发性PD的语言产生。将招募48名PD患者，并随机分为三组：有氧运动组、拉伸干预组或非接触对照组。这种创新的方法将使我们能够控制PD组的学习和社会接触效应，确定有氧运动干预是否有效改善PD的认知和/或语言缺陷，并比较有氧运动和通常推荐的拉伸运动计划对PD认知和语言的影响的相对大小。此外，它将使我们能够确定有氧运动对认知和语言的影响的鲁棒性在PD通过评估单任务和双任务条件下的性能。这个探索性项目的发现可能会大大推进PD治疗的发展，因为他们探索了一种无药物干预认知和语言障碍的方法，可能会对患者的健康产生广泛的影响。 公共卫生相关性：帕金森病不仅损害运动功能，还损害认知和语言能力。本研究采用单任务和双任务实验范式，评估有氧运动相对于拉伸运动和无运动对帕金森病患者认知表现和语言产生的影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Nearly 80% of individuals with PD develop cognitive impairment and suffer increasing incidence of language dysfunction. These cognitive and language deficits in PD seriously compromise communicative effectiveness and quality of life, and limit the successful performance of many instrumental activities of daily living. Unfortunately, the current pharmacological and surgical interventions for PD fail to reliably improve cognition and may even create deleterious cognitive side effects. Language problems are usually overshadowed by the more prominent motor symptoms in PD and are rarely treated. As a result, no active treatments exist for improving either cognitive or language impairments in PD. To address these issues, the proposed exploratory study investigates the impact of aerobic exercise on cognitive and language performance in individuals with idiopathic PD. Because activities of daily life often require the ability to perform multiple tasks simultaneously, we will test the efficacy of aerobic exercise as an intervention for cognition and language in both single and dual task conditions. Our general hypothesis is that aerobic exercise potentiates neuroplasticity, particularly in the frontal lobes and, thus, will enhance behavioral measures of cognition and language production in the aerobic exercise group. Hypotheses will be tested under two specific aims: 1) Determine whether aerobic exercise improves cognitive performance in idiopathic PD, and 2) Determine whether aerobic exercise impacts language production in idiopathic PD. Forty-eight individuals with PD will be recruited and randomized into one of three groups: aerobic exercise, stretch intervention, or non-contact control. This innovative approach will allow us to control for learning and social contact effects in the PD group, determine whether the aerobic exercise intervention is efficacious for improving cognition and/or language deficits in PD, and compare the relative magnitude of the effects of aerobic exercise and a commonly-recommended stretch exercise program on cognition and language in PD. Furthermore, it will allow us to determine the robustness of the effects of aerobic exercise on cognition and language in PD by evaluating performance under single and dual task conditions. The findings from this exploratory project may substantially advance the development of treatments for PD, because they explore a drug-free intervention for cognitive and language impairment that can potentially have pervasive effects on patient well-being. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Parkinson's disease impairs not only motor function but cognitive and language abilities. This study evaluates the impact of aerobic exercise, relative to stretch exercise and no exercise, on cognitive performance and language production In Parkinson's disease using both single and dual task experimental paradigms.