SHip emissions: Impact and Parameterisation (SHIP)

全球船舶排放的氮氧化物（NOx）占全球NOx排放量的很大一部分（约5-10%）[IPCC，2001]。工业化和全球化程度的提高表明，这些排放量将继续增长，尽管预测的增长率存在很大的不确定性。有问题的是，船舶排放通常不包括在全球化学传输模型（CTM）中，因为它们导致模型大大高估了海洋边界中的NOx和臭氧（O3）[Davis等人，2000; Kasibhatla等人，2000; Endresen等人，2003年]。据信，这主要是由于模型中的粗空间分辨率和Ox-HOx-NOx化学的非线性性质的组合[Song等人，2003年]。这项建议将继续由一名研究人员进行的工作，使用创新和优雅的本征态理论方法来参数化这种次网格尺度的化学。我们将继续开发这种方法，然后制作一个高分辨率的船舶羽流模型，以再次验证这种方法。然后将参数化引入TOMCAT全球化学传输模式，并根据海洋边界层组成的观测结果进行评价。然后，我们将使用该模型对船舶排放对大气成分的影响进行比目前更准确的评估。

Global emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) from ships constitute a significant fraction of global NOx emissions (~5-10%) [IPCC, 2001]. Increased industrialization and globalization suggest that these emissions will continue to grow, although there is a high degree of uncertainty concerning the projected growth rates. Problematically, ship emissions are not typically included in global chemistry transport models (CTMs) as they cause models to significantly overestimate NOx and ozone (O3) in the marine boundary [Davis et al., 2000; Kasibhatla et al., 2000; Endresen et al., 2003]. It is believed that this is primarily due to the combination of coarse spatial resolution in models and the non-linear nature of the Ox-HOx-NOx chemistry [Song et al., 2003]. This proposal will continue work undertaken by one of the investigators to parameterize this sub-grid scale chemistry using an innovative and elegant eigenstate theory approach. We will continue work developing this approach and then produce a high-resolution model of ship plumes to validate this approach again. The parameterization will then be introduced into the TOMCAT global chemistry transport model, and evaluated against observations of the marine boundary layer composition. We will then use the model to produce a more accurate assessment of the impact of ship emissions on the composition of the atmosphere than is currently available.