Reactive Halogens in the Marine Boundary Layer

RHaMBLe是一个综合方案，旨在通过直接观测海洋大气中的一系列活性卤素物种(RHS)来量化海洋卤素排放对大气组成的影响。重点放在卤素在氧化过程中的作用以及RHS循环产生的二次气溶胶形成和转化上。RHaMBLe将广泛链接到英国和国际资助的方案，在英国SOLAS内提供一揽子方案，将海洋通量与大气影响联系起来。海洋边界层卤素研究最近的重点是对大气的两个影响：i)活性卤素物种参与催化臭氧破坏循环，包括在季节气溶胶中或在其上的非均相反应；ii)在沿海边界层形成新的气溶胶粒子及其作为云凝结核(CCN)的可能性。RHaMBLe将发展这两个密切相关的SOLAS科学领域。RHaMBLe将使用公海和沿海现场部署的有针对性的组合。两个公海部署将与在佛得角群岛圣文森特的热带大西洋进行的拟议长期研究相结合：i)密集开展活动，补充佛得角已资助的持续测量；ii)同时进行横断面穿越毛里塔尼亚以西生物活跃的上升流地区。这可能是迄今为止对海洋大气中卤素化合物的最全面的描述，包括有机和无机活性物种，并提供大量的空间和时间范围。计划开展一个沿海实地项目，在新粒子形成和RHS之间提供直接的观测联系，以便能够开发可用于大型模式的参数。这次调查将在很大程度上使用与公海部署相同的观测技术和人员。RHaMBLe不寻求资金，以明确发展对生物生产过程或大气化学过程的基本了解，但该项目将与一系列资助的活动双向互动，以实现这种整合。这组活动之间的相互作用将确保以最佳方式利用在RHaMBLe内进行的测量，从而有助于量化海洋卤素的影响。

RHaMBLe is an integrated programme aiming to quantify impacts of marine halogen emissions on atmospheric composition by the direct observation of a range of reactive halogen species (RHS) in the marine atmosphere. Emphasis is placed on the roles of halogens in oxidative processes and on secondary aerosol formation and transformations resulting from the cycling of RHS. RHaMBLe will extensively link to UK and Internationally funded programmes to provide a package within UK SOLAS to link oceanic fluxes to atmospheric impacts. The recent focus of marine boundary layer halogen research has been on two atmospheric implications: i) participation of reactive halogen species in catalytic ozone destruction cycles including heterogeneous reaction in or on seasalt aerosol and ii) the formation of new aerosol particles in the coastal boundary layer and their potential to act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). RHaMBLe will develop both closely related areas of SOLAS science. RHaMBLe will use a targeted combination of open ocean and coastal field deployments. Two open ocean deployments will link with proposed long-term studies in the tropical Atlantic Ocean on Sao Vicente in the Cape Verde Islands: i) an intensive campaign and supplementation of the continuous measurements already funded at Cape Verde and ii) a simultaneous ship transect through the biologically-active upwelling region west of Mauritania. These will provide possibly the most comprehensive characterisation of halogen compounds in the marine atmosphere to date, including both organic and inorganic reactive species and providing substantial spatial and temporal coverage. A coastal field project is planned to provide direct observational linkage between new particle formation and RHS, to enable development of a usable parameterisation for use in large-scale models. This investigation will use largely the same observational techniques and personnel as the open ocean deployments. Funding is not sought within RHaMBLe for the explicit development of a fundamental understanding of either biological production processes or atmospheric chemical processes, but the project will interact bi-directionally with a range of funded activities to achieve such integration. The interactions within this cluster of activities will ensure that measurements made within RHaMBLe are used optimally to contribute to the quantification of the effects of marine halogens.