EFFECTS OF DIETS VARYING IN TRANS FATTY ACIDS ON ATHEROSCLEROSIS

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 反式脂肪酸（TFA）作为冠心病（CHD）的危险因素具有特别重要的意义，CHD是北美的主要死因。饮食中的TFA主要来自两个来源：1）工业来源，部分氢化植物油（PHVO）; 2）天然来源，存在于反刍动物的牛奶和肉类中，在瘤胃细菌对多不饱和脂肪酸进行生物氢化的过程中形成。流行病学数据表明，虽然不良健康影响与工业来源的反式脂肪酸摄入有关，但天然来源的反式脂肪酸并非如此。工业来源的反式脂肪酸的异构体分布与天然来源的反式脂肪酸分布明显不同，我们假设这导致了报告的对健康的不同影响。虽然研究集中在脂蛋白谱作为冠心病的危险因素，但动脉粥样硬化的特征是慢性炎症疾病。因此，我们的研究将提供有关TFA来源对脂蛋白谱、炎症生物标志物和实际动脉粥样硬化病变发展的影响的数据。这将提供有关TFA来源对CHD影响的重要和目前缺乏的应用和机制信息，并帮助政府和卫生专业人员制定有关TFA健康影响的政策和建议。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Trans fatty acids (TFA) are of particular significance as risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD), the major cause of death in North America. TFA in the diet come primarily from two sources, 1) industrial sources, partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (PHVO); 2) natural sources, found in ruminant milk and meat, formed during the biohydrogenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids by rumen bacteria. Epidemiological data indicates that while adverse health effects are related to intake of TFA from industrial sources, this is not the case for TFA from natural sources. The isomer profile of TFA from industrial sources differs markedly from the profile found for TFA in natural sources, which we hypothesize leads to the reported differing effects on health. While studies have focused on lipoprotein profiles as a risk factor for CHD, atherosclerosis is characterized as a disease of chronic inflammation. Our studies will therefore provide data on the effect of TFA sources on lipoprotein profile, biomarkers of inflammation and actual atherosclerotic lesion development. This will provide important and currently-absent applied and mechanistic information regarding the impact of TFA sources on CHD and help inform government and health professionals in their development of policies and recommendations regarding health effects of TFA.