Diabetes Therapies from Adipose Derived Stem Cells

描述（由申请人提供）：糖尿病影响全球数亿人的生活，发病率持续上升。据估计，约8%的美国人口患有1型或2型糖尿病，2型糖尿病的患病率随着肥胖的增加而增加。尽管1型和2型糖尿病的病因不同，但终末期显示出类似的胰腺胰岛素分泌减少或丧失。这是由胰腺β细胞的破坏引起的，胰腺β细胞响应血清葡萄糖水平而产生和分泌胰岛素。目前的糖尿病治疗不能提供所需的代谢控制程度，以防止疾病进展为严重并发症和死亡率，当葡萄糖控制丧失时发生。由“β样”胰岛素产生细胞提供的良好的长期血糖控制的潜力是我们提出建议的基本原理。这种细胞会以生理控制的葡萄糖依赖性方式释放胰岛素，对血糖水平的急性变化做出每分钟的反应。在这种情况下，糖尿病将得到完全控制。我们已经获得了重要的初步数据，表明脂肪来源的干细胞可以在培养中分化为“β样”胰岛素产生细胞，并提出开发这些细胞在细胞治疗和药物开发中的应用。我们的目标是鉴定和表征来自人脂肪组织的具有治疗糖尿病的治疗潜力的优化的成体干细胞群。 公共卫生相关性：目前的糖尿病治疗不能提供所需的代谢控制程度，以防止疾病进展为严重并发症和死亡率，当葡萄糖控制丧失时发生。我们的目标是鉴定和表征来自人脂肪组织的成体干细胞群，其具有分化为分泌胰岛素的胰腺“β样”细胞的治疗潜力。如果成功，这项工作将为细胞治疗和可能治愈1型和2型糖尿病提供可能性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Diabetes affects the lives of hundreds of millions of people worldwide and the incidence rate is continuing to rise. About 8% of the US population is estimated to have Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes, with the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes increasing with the rise in obesity. Even though the etiology of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes is different, the end stages show a similar reduction or loss of pancreatic insulin secretion. This is caused by destruction of the pancreatic beta cells which produce and secrete insulin in response to serum glucose levels. Current diabetes therapies do not offer the degree of metabolic control needed to prevent the progression of the disease to the serious complications and mortality that occur when glucose control is lost. The potential for excellent, long-term glycemic control offered by a "beta-like", insulin producing cell is the rationale for our proposal. This cell would release insulin in a physiologically controlled, glucose-dependent manner, responding minute-to-minute to acute changes in blood glucose levels. In this situation, diabetes would be completely controlled. We have obtained significant preliminary data suggesting that adipose-derived stem cells can be differentiated in culture to "beta-like" insulin producing cells, and propose to develop applications of these cells for use in cell therapy and drug development. It is our goal to identify and characterize an optimized adult stem cell population from human adipose tissue that has the therapeutic potential for the treatment of diabetes. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Current diabetes therapies do not offer the degree of metabolic control needed to prevent the progression of the disease to the serious complications and mortality that occur when glucose control is lost. Our objective is to identify and characterize an adult stem cell population from human adipose tissue that has the therapeutic potential to differentiate into insulin-secreting pancreatic "beta-like" cells. If successful, this work would offer the possibility for cell treatment and possible cure of type 1 and type 2 diabetes.