Cortical Control of a Dextrous Prosthetic Hand

描述（由申请人提供）：本补充是原项目的直接延伸，标题为“灵巧假手的皮质控制”。由于脊髓损伤而导致四肢瘫痪的患者将参加为期一个月的研究，其优势是证明基于协调的实时皮质电图（ECoG）的脑控接口（BCI）训练的有效性。这种BCI培训将在一个明确定义的学习范式中进行，从而控制拟人灵巧假肢和手系统。定制的硬膜下ECoG电极网格，植入手臂和手部运动皮层区域，将保留一个月。参与者将接受培训，使用“共享模式控制”范例控制假肢，该范例基本上将来自皮层活动的控制信号与自动机器人控制系统产生的理想控制信号混合在一起。通过逐渐调低共享模式比率，即，在计算机辅助水平下，受试者能够在完成伸手抓握任务时持续体验受控程度的成功，而任务的实际难度变化以反映增加的设备控制技能。我们希望参与者能够学会控制手部平移、旋转和抓握，总共有9个自由度。在培训期间，我们希望他们的表现会有所改善，他们将能够以至少90%的成功率完成与日常生活活动相关的任务。此外，我们将描述共享模式控制皮层可塑性的影响，所捕获的ECoG记录。我们预计调制的深度（不同假肢手臂运动中ECoG信号特征活动的变化）将随着时间的推移而增加，以优化共享模式BCI训练范例中的性能。这项拟议的研究迈出了重要的一步，将在非人类灵长类动物和接受ECoG监测的人类中完成的BCI研究转移到最终用户群体。本建议的主要重点是控制伸手和抓取活动。用先进的假肢恢复这些功能将对上肢损伤患者的生活质量产生重大影响。 公共卫生相关性：该项目的目标是证明脊髓损伤的个体可以实现基于皮层电图（ECoG）的拟人假肢和手的强大大脑控制。该项目的成功完成将大大推进使用脑机接口技术来增强脊髓损伤患者的功能和改善生活质量的研究。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This supplement is a direct extension of the original project titled "Cortical control of a dexterous prosthetic hand". Individuals with tetraplegia due to spinal cord injury will participate in a month-long study with the advantage of demonstrating the effectiveness of concerted real-time electrocorticography (ECoG) -based brain-controlled interface (BCI) training. This BCI training will be conducted in a well-defined learning paradigm leading to the control of an anthropomorphic dexterous prosthetic arm and hand system. Custom-made subdural ECoG electrode grids, implanted over the arm and hand area of the motor cortex, will remain in place for one month. The participants will be trained to control the prosthetic arm using a "shared-mode control" paradigm which essentially blends control signals derived from cortical activity with an ideal control signal generated by an automatic robot control system. By gradually tuning down the shared-mode ratio, i.e., the level of computer assist, the subject is able to consistently experience a controlled degree of success in completing reach to grasp tasks while the actual difficulty of the task changes to reflect increasing device control skill. We expect that participants will learn to control hand translation, rotation, and grasping for a total of 9 degrees of freedom. Over the duration of training, we expect that their performance will improve and that they will be able to complete tasks related to activities of daily living with at least 90% success. Further, we will characterize the effect of shared-mode control on cortical plasticity as captured by ECoG recording. We expect that the depth of modulation (variation in ECoG signal feature activities across different prosthetic arm movements) will increase over time to optimize performance in the shared-mode BCI training paradigm. This proposed study takes the important step of transferring BCI research completed in non-human primates and humans undergoing ECoG monitoring for intractable epilepsy to an end-user population. The primary focus of this proposal relates to control of reach and grasp activities. Restoring these functions with an advanced prosthetic limb will have a significant impact on the quality of life for individuals with upper limb impairments. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The goal of this project is to demonstrate that individuals with spinal cord injury can achieve robust electrocorticography (ECoG) -based brain control of an anthropomorphic prosthetic arm and hand. Successful completion of this project will significantly advance research in using brain-computer interface technology to enhance function and improve the quality of life for individuals with spinal cord injury.