Parent Education and Resources for Self-Injurious Youth

非自杀性自我伤害（NSSI）是青少年和年轻人中越来越常见的自我伤害行为，目前估计青少年中的NSSI范围为12- 37%。虽然NSSI与其他心理健康问题有关（例如，抑郁、焦虑、饮食失调）是自杀和严重意外伤害的危险因素，但NSSI的循证治疗和预防模型很少。此外，尽管有证据表明父母在青少年自我伤害行为的恢复中发挥着重要作用，但他们几乎没有资源。家长对“新症”的基本认识和青少年的成长过程，以及家长本身的情绪和沟通技巧等因素，都直接影响青少年的康复过程。然而，由于家庭的障碍（例如，时间，关于自伤行为的耻辱）和临床医生（例如，平衡青少年和家长的需求）。一个基于网络的心理教育方案提供了一种克服这些障碍的机制，以便为父母提供教育、技能和支持，帮助他们的孩子。拟议的SBIR项目将开发和测试自我伤害青少年的父母教育和资源（PERSY），这是一个专门为正在接受NSSI治疗的青少年父母提供的基于网络的方案。通过SBIR第一阶段的资助，我们将开发PERSY的原型，并进行可行性和可用性测试，以在全面产品开发之前收集关键利益相关者的反馈。第一阶段计划将完成三个具体目标：（1）创建PERSY原型，包括三个基于网络的模块和随附的程序材料大纲;（2）对PERSY原型进行利益相关者可行性和可用性测试，以评估其可行性，可用性，创新性，与30名心理健康专业人员和30名12-20奥尔兹的父母在临床治疗NSSI的质量;和（3）建立最终的原型规格使用的数据汇编和分析的可行性测试。PERSY将包括一系列基于网络的模式，包括视频演示，教学式教育，互动式自我评估，社交技能建模和个性化反馈。据我们所知，没有其他产品存在，提供这种类型的知识增强，技能发展，并支持青少年的父母与NSSI。第一阶段的研究预计将证明利益相关者对拟议产品的大力支持，并为全面产品开发提供必要的基础。一旦PERSY计划在第二阶段完成，我们将进行一项随机临床试验，以检查治疗效果， (1)父母的知识，技能，并积极参与与他们的孩子，（2）青年自伤恢复，（3）青年积极参与与父母。这个SBIR项目将有助于建立PERSY作为一个有效的竞争对手在心理教育市场。最终产品将作为家长和心理健康专业人员的宝贵资源，有可能对患有NSSI的青少年及其家庭的生活产生重大影响。 公共卫生相关性：非自杀性自残（NSSI），例如切割、燃烧和将物体嵌入皮肤下，是青少年和年轻人中越来越常见的自残行为。目前估计，青年中的NSSI率在中学人口中为12-37%，在年轻成人人口中为12-25%。NSSI与其他严重的心理健康问题有关，包括抑郁，焦虑和饮食失调，是自杀和严重意外伤害的潜在风险因素。心理健康问题伴随着高昂的经济成本，因此被认为是一个严重的公共卫生问题。在美国，与精神健康治疗相关的年度直接成本估计为575亿美元，其中精神疾病的总成本显著更高（例如，残疾、失业）。每年约有460万儿童接受某种形式的心理健康护理，与一般人口的平均费用相比，青少年的平均护理费用更高。总统的心理健康新自由委员会特别呼吁识别和早期治疗可能遇到心理健康问题的青年，以防止并发症和其他负面后果的发生。此外，多项研究表明，父母在青少年心理健康护理中发挥着关键作用。父母的角色都是工具性的（即，检测问题、寻找治疗提供者、协调治疗）和支持性（即，在疗程之间监测青少年，在疗程之外加强治疗概念）。考虑到与精神疾病和使用精神卫生服务相关的直接成本，为父母开发和测试创新方案尤为重要。这些计划可以支持父母在他们的青年促进最佳结果，以克服NSSI和降低整体心理健康治疗费用。尽管其患病率不断增加，已知的负面结果与NSSI，和知识的父母的作用，在青年恢复，循证治疗与NSSI青年的父母是缺乏的。拟议的SBIR项目通过开发和测试一个基于网络的心理教育计划，直接解决了这一关键的治疗差距，该计划旨在满足患有NSSI的青少年和年轻人的父母的教育和支持需求。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is an increasingly common self-harming behavior among adolescents and young adults, with current estimates of NSSI in youth ranging from 12-37%. Although NSSI is associated with other mental health problems (e.g., depression, anxiety, disordered eating) and is a risk factor for suicide and severe unintended injury, evidence-based treatment and prevention models for NSSI are scarce. In addition, few resources are available for parents despite evidence of their important role in youth's recovery from self- harming behaviors. Factors such as parents' basic knowledge of NSSI and youth developmental processes, as well as parents' own emotion and communication skills, have a direct impact on a young person's recovery process. However, engaging parents in their child's recovery process can be challenging due to barriers for families (e.g., time, stigma regarding the self-injury behavior) and clinicians (e.g., balancing youth and parent needs). A web-based psychoeducation program provides a mechanism for overcoming these barriers in order to provide parents with education, skills and support to help their children. The proposed SBIR project will develop and test Parent Education and Resources for Self-injurious Youth (PERSY), a specialized web-based program for parents of youth who are receiving treatment for NSSI. Through this SBIR Phase I grant, we will develop a prototype of PERSY and conduct feasibility and usability testing to gather feedback from key stakeholders prior to full product development. Three specific aims will be accomplished in this Phase I project: (1) creating the PERSY prototype including three web-based modules and outlines of the accompanying program materials; (2) conducting stakeholder feasibility and usability tests of the PERSY prototype to assess the feasibility, usability, innovation, and quality with 30 mental health professionals and 30 parents of 12-20 year olds in clinical treatment for NSSI; and (3) establish final prototype specifications using data compiled and analyzed from the feasibility testing. PERSY will include a range of web-based modalities including video presentations, didactic education, interactive self-assessments, social skill modeling, and personalized feedback. To our knowledge, no other product exists that provides this type of knowledge enhancement, skill development, and support to parents of youth with NSSI. Phase I research is expected to demonstrate strong support for the proposed product across stakeholders and provide the necessary foundation for full product development. Once the PERSY program is finalized in Phase II, we will conduct a randomized clinical trial to examine treatment effects for (1) parenting knowledge, skills, and positive engagement with their child, (2) youth self-injury recovery, and (3) youth positive engagement with parents. This SBIR project will be instrumental in establishing PERSY as an efficacious competitor in the psychoeducation marketplace. The final product will serve as a valuable resource for parents and mental health professionals with the potential to have a significant impact on the lives of youth with NSSI and their families. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) such as cutting, burning, and embedding objects under the skin is an increasingly common self-harming behavior among adolescents and young adults. Current estimates of rates of NSSI in youth range from 12-37% in secondary school populations and 12-25% in young adult populations. NSSI is associated with other serious mental health problems including depression, anxiety, and disordered eating and is a potent risk factor for suicide and severe unintended injury. Mental health problems come with a devastatingly high financial cost and are thus considered a serious public health issue. In the U.S., the annual direct costs associated with mental health treatment are estimated at $57.5 billion, with the overall costs of mental illness significantly higher (e.g., disability, unemployment). Each year, about 4.6 million children receive some form of mental health (MH) care, with higher average costs of care for youth as compared to average costs for the general population. The President's New Freedom Commission on Mental Health specifically calls for the identification and early treatment of youth who may experience mental health problems to prevent the onset of co-occurring disorders and other negative outcomes. In addition, multiple research studies have shown that parents play a critical role in youth mental health care. Parents' roles are both instrumental (i.e., detecting a problem, seeking out a treatment provider, coordinating treatment) and supportive (i.e., monitoring youth between sessions, reinforcing therapy concepts outside of the session). Given the direct costs associated with psychiatric disorders and use of mental health services, it is especially important to develop and test innovative programs for parents. These programs can support parents in promoting optimal outcomes in their youth in order to overcome NSSI and reduce overall mental health treatment costs. Despite its increasing prevalence, the known negative outcomes associated with NSSI, and knowledge of parents' role in youth recovery, evidence-based treatments for parents of youth with NSSI are lacking. The proposed SBIR project directly addresses this critical treatment gap by developing and testing a web-based psychoeducation program designed to meet the education and support needs of parents of adolescents and young adults with NSSI.