Neurophysiological and behavioral dynamics of emotion in mothers with infants

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请概述了职业研究计划的早期步骤，重点是幼儿的父母。尽管人们普遍认为父母的养育是情感组织的，父母的情感问题对父母和孩子的结果有有害的影响，但人们对照顾幼儿的情感过程知之甚少。缺乏这些信息可能会导致产后抑郁症干预措施的有效性不一致的结果，这似乎有助于母亲的症状，但不一定是她的养育或她的孩子的发展。更好地了解父母的情绪可能有助于早期干预的设计和有效性，以改善父母的情绪调节，从而促进儿童的健康发展。拟议的研究培训计划包括论文研究使用两种方法的动态测量的父母的情绪：行为的方法（生态瞬时评估）和神经生理（EEG）的方法。每一个允许的时间过程中的情绪在养育的情况下，一个在母亲的意识水平和其他即时神经激励过程的水平的研究。我将学习使用多元时间序列分析来充分利用这两个丰富的数据流（如统一结构方程模型，向量自回归模型），以解决以下论文的研究目标：（1）将母亲在自然环境中的情绪和应对育儿挑战的时间进程与母亲的抑郁症状联系起来，和（2）将母亲神经生理反应的时间过程与婴儿痛苦联系起来（通过脑电图测量）到父母反应的时间相关方面的个体差异-情绪稳定性和应对质量-在行为水平上（通过EMA测量），并确定这些因素是否共同导致了母亲抑郁症状的显著差异。此外，培训计划包括指导发展的概念化的父母的情绪作为一个动态的过程（即专注于其时间过程和独特的背景下），可以应用到未来的理论和实证工作，并应告知理论观点的风险养育。它将作为一个职业研究计划的未来工作的基础，重点是了解父母的情绪，以告知处于危险中的父母-孩子的二元关系的干预。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application outlines the early steps in the development of a career research program focusing on parents of young children. Despite widespread acceptance that parenting is affectively organized and that parent emotional problems have deleterious effects on parent and child outcomes, little is known about in-the-moment affective processes that underlie caring for a young child. The absence of this information may contribute to inconsistent findings regarding the effectiveness of postpartum depression interventions, which seem to help a mother's symptoms but not necessarily her parenting or her child's development. Greater understanding of parental emotion may aid the design and efficacy of early interventions to improve parental emotion regulation and thus promote healthy child development. The proposed research training plan includes dissertation research using two methods of dynamic measurement of parent emotion: a behavioral method (Ecological Momentary Assessment) and a neurophysiological (EEG) method. Each allows the study of the time course of emotions in the parenting context, one at the level of a mother's awareness and the other at the level of instant neural motivational processes. I will learn to use multivariate time series analysis to make full use of these two rich data streams (e.g. unified structural equation modeling, vector autoregressive modeling) to address the following dissertation research aims: (1) To relate the time course of maternal emotion and coping in parenting challenges in their natural context to maternal depressive symptoms, and (2) To relate the time course of maternal neurophysiological response to infant distress (measured via EEG) to individual differences in time- related aspects of parental response - emotion stability and coping quality - at the behavioral level (measured via EMA) and to determine if together these account for significant variance in maternal depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the training plan includes guided development of a conceptualization of parental emotion as a dynamic process (i.e. focusing on its time course and unique context) that can be applied to future theoretical and empirical work and that should inform theoretical perspectives about parenting at-risk. It will serve as a foundation for future work in a career research program focused on understanding parent emotion in order to inform intervention for at-risk parent-child dyads.