Identify the strategies that tissues use to control growth

主题B：生长和形态发生的控制(Anne Calof，主题负责人)I 上皮是有组织的细胞片，在决定我们器官的大小和3D结构方面发挥着核心作用。导管、小叶、芽、肺泡，甚至干细胞壁龛，都是在发育过程中通过上皮细胞的作用而形成的。在过去的资助期间，通过对小鼠嗅觉上皮的研究，我们在理解自我更新的负反馈控制如何实现稳健的大小稳态和快速再生方面取得了很大进展[19-24]。这一策略解决了上皮细胞面临的一些问题，但不能解决其他问题，如平面扩张的控制；形态发生单位的创建；以及保护细胞系免受累积损伤。在这里，我们讨论这些问题，回到OE，但也介绍了两个新的系统：小鼠肠道上皮(IE)和线虫性腺。

THEME B: CONTROL OF GROWTH AND MORPHOGENESIS (Anne Calof, Theme Leader) I Epithelia are organized sheets of cells that play a central role in determining the sizes and 3D architectures of our organs. Ducts, lobules, buds, alveoli, even stem cell niches, all take their form through the actions of epithelia during development. During the past grant period, through studies of the mouse olfactory epithelium OE), we made great progress in understanding how negative feedback control of self-renewal is used to achieve robust size homeostasis and rapid regeneration [19-24]. This strategy solves some of the problems that epithelia face, but not others, such as control of planar expansion; creation of morphogenetic units; and protection of cell lineages from accumulated damage. Here we take up these questions, returning to the OE, but also introducing two new systems: the mouse intestinal epithelium (IE) and the C. elegans gonad.