Novel Accelerated Contrast-Enhanced High Resolution Coronary MRI

描述(申请人提供)：冠状动脉疾病(CAD)是美国的主要死亡原因，尽管在预防和诊断方面已经做出了重大努力。临床诊断冠心病的金标准是基于导管的侵入性X射线血管造影术，每年进行100多万次。在这些检查中，高达35%的患者被发现没有明显的狭窄，但这些患者不得不接受侵入性测试的潜在风险和并发症，这将使患者进一步暴露在电离辐射和碘化造影剂中。因此，非侵入性诊断替代方案是非常可取的。 心脏磁共振成像(CMR)提供了一种全面的非侵入性心脏检查方法，包括用于检测室壁运动异常的收缩功能评估(Cine CMR)，用于诊断灌注缺陷的心肌CMR灌注，用于评估急性和慢性心肌梗死的晚期Gd增强(LGE)的生存评估，以及用于识别狭窄的冠状动脉MRI。CMR在几个方面是有利的，因为它不需要电离辐射或碘化对比剂，从而便于重复或后续扫描。然而，较长的数据采集时间仍然是其主要限制之一。已经研究了几种方法来促进CMR的快速获取。尽管如此，高分辨率CMR的采集时间仍然很长，在电影和灌注成像中，空间和时间分辨率被用来换取采集时间。因此，在现有的基础上缩短数据采集时间的方法的发展是很有吸引力的。我们将为高分辨率CMR开发新的重建方法，学习重建图像中的解剖结构。我们将在一系列对比增强的CMR成像协议中验证这些技术，提供更好的心脏体积覆盖、造影剂的有效使用以及更高的空间和时间分辨率。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death in the United States, even though significant efforts have been made in prevention and diagnosis. The clinical gold standard for diagnosis of CAD is catheter-based invasive x-ray angiography, performed more than a million times per year. Of these examinations, up to 35% have been found to have no significant stenosis, yet these patients had to go through the potential risks and complications of an invasive test that further exposes the patient to ionizing radiation and iodinated contrast. Thus, non-invasive diagnostic alternatives are highly desirable. Cardiac MRI (CMR) provides a method for comprehensive non-invasive cardiac exam, including contractile functional assessment (cine CMR) to detect wall-motion abnormality, myocardial CMR perfusion for diagnosing perfusion defects, viability assessment using late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) for evaluation of acute and chronic myocardial infarction, and coronary MRI for the identification of stenosis. CMR is advantageous in several respects, since it does not require ionizing radiation or iodinated contrast, thereby facilitating repeated or follow-up scanning. However, long data acquisition time remains as one of its main limitations. Several approaches have been studied to facilitate rapid CMR acquisition. Nonetheless, the acquisition time for high-resolution CMR remains long, and spatial and temporal resolution is traded off for acquisition time in cine and perfusion imaging. Therefore, developments of methods to reduce data acquisition time beyond what is available now are appealing. We will develop novel reconstruction methodologies for high-resolution CMR that learn the anatomical structures in the images being reconstructed. We will validate these techniques in a range of contrast-enhanced CMR imaging protocols, providing better volumetric coverage of the heart, efficient use of the contrast agents, and higher spatial and temporal resolution.